Trio Service Manual Rev A April 2003

Datascope® is a U.S. registered trademark of Datascope Corp. Trio™ is a U.S. trademark of Datascope Corp. Velcro® is a registered trademark of Velcro Industries B.V. Navigator™ is a U.S. trademark of Datascope Corp. Masimo® is a U.S. registered trademark of Masimo Corp.

Copyright © Datascope Corp., 2003. Printed in U.S.A. All rights reserved. Contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any form without permission of Datascope Corp.

Table of Contents

Foreword ... iii

Theory of Operation ... 1 - 1 Introduction ... 1 - 1 Hardware Overview ... 1 - 3 Power Supply Board ... 1 - 3 CPU Board (Main Control Board) ... 1 - 5 Overview ... 1 - 5 Block diagram ... 1 - 6 Detailed Description ... 1 - 6 Keypad ... 1 - 8 Block Diagram ... 1 - 8 Detailed Description ... 1 - 9 TR60-C recorder ... 1 - 10 Block Diagram ... 1 - 10 Detailed Description ... 1 - 10 Parameter Circuit Descriptions ... 1 - 12 ECG ... 1 - 12 Respiration ... 1 - 12 NIBP ... 1 - 13 SpO2 ... 1 - 13 Temperature... 1 - 14 IBP (optional) ... 1 - 14

Calibration ... 2 - 1 Calibration Introduction ... 2 - 1 Warnings and Guidelines ... 2 - 1 Test Equipment and Special Tools Required ... 2 - 1 Calibration and System Checks ... 2 - 2 Device Appearance and Installation Checks... 2 - 2 Maintenance Menu... 2 - 2 Calibrations ... 2 - 2 Technical Information and Settings ... 2 - 5 Safety tests ... 2 - 6 Leakage Current Tests ... 2 - 6 Testing Each Parameter... 2 - 7 ECG and RESP ... 2 - 7 Test Equipment ... 2 - 7 Test Procedures ... 2 - 7 NIBP ... 2 - 7 Test Equipment ... 2 - 7 Test Procedures ... 2 - 8 SpO2 ... 2 - 8 Test Equipment ... 2 - 8 Test Procedures ... 2 - 8 TEMP ... 2 - 9 Test Equipment ... 2 - 9 Test Procedures ... 2 - 9 IBP... 2 - 9 Test Equipment ... 2 - 9 Test Procedures ... 2 - 9

Parts ... 3 - 1 Exploded Views of the Trio Monitor... 3 - 1 Parts Listing ... 3 - 5

Trio™ Service Manual

0070-00-0591-02

i

Table of Contents

Repair Information ... 4 - 1 Introduction ... 4 - 1 Basic SPO2 Cable Assembly ... 4 - 7 Single Temp Cable Assembly ... 4 - 8 Dual Temperature Cable Assembly... 4 - 9 ECG Cable Assembly ... 4 - 10 Troubleshooting ... 4 - 11 Module-level Troubleshooting ... 4 - 11 Disassembly Instructions... 4 - 14 Tools Needed ... 4 - 14 Removal of the Front Housing... 4 - 14 Removal of Display ... 4 - 14 Removal of PCB Chassis Assembly... 4 - 14 Removal of Thermal Printhead Recorder... 4 - 15 Removal of Display Mounting Plate ... 4 - 15 Replacement of 3V Lithium Cell Battery... 4 - 15 Removal of Power Supply Assembly ... 4 - 15 Removal of PCB Chassis Rear Panel Plate ... 4 - 15 Removal of NIBP/IBP PCB Mounting Plate ... 4 - 16 Removal of Handle ... 4 - 16 ECG Cable ESIS and Non ESIS ... 4 - 17 ECG Shielded Lead Wires ... 4 - 18 ECG Shielded Lead Wires ... 4 - 19 ECG Shielded Lead Wires ... 4 - 20

Appendix I ... 5 - 1 System Alarm Prompts ... 5 - 1

ii

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual

Foreword

Introduction

Foreword This service manual gives a detailed description of the Trio Portable Patient Monitor, including, circuit descriptions, test procedures and a spare part listing. This manual is intended as a guide for technically qualified personnel during repair, testing or calibration procedures.

Trio™ Service Manual

0070-00-0591-02

iii

This page intentionally left blank.

iv

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual

1.0

Theory of Operation

1.1

Introduction Trio portable patient monitor uses a parameter module as the basis for acquiring patient data. The results are transmitted to the main control board to process and display the data and waveforms. Commands of the CPU board and status messages of modules are transmitted via databus. The structure of the entire system is shown in the figure below. Medical Staff

Keyboard

Display

Recorder

Power

Main control board

Network interface (future)

ECG/RESP/TEMP

SpO2

NIBP

IBP

Patient

FIGURE 1-1 System Structure Diagram

Trio™ Service Manual

0070-00-0591-02

1-1

Introduction

Theory of Operation

As shown in the above figure, the four parameter modules execute real-time monitoring of NIBP, SpO2, ECG/RESP/TEMP and IBP through the use of blood pressure cuffs and patient cables. The patient data is transmitted to the CPU board for display. When required, data may be printed out via the recorder.

1-2

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual

Theory of Operation

1.2

Hardware Overview

Hardware Overview Block Diagram TFT Display 8.4 inches 800 X 600 X14 X15

FAN

P1 P4 (TFT DIGITAL) P2 (CRT) J6

X16 Main Power Input

Battery

J9 Key & Alarm P.C.B. J8 J7

P10

P3 (FOR 9000 VGA)

PowerSupply PCB J5 J3

Alarm LED

P5

J2

P12 P11

J4

P7 (BDM)

P17 (FOR 509C) P15 P16 P6 P9 P14

TO X2

Speaker

Host P.C.B

X1 P13

Recorder Module X2

P8 From J2

VGA Interface

NET Interface

X6

X7

X8

SPO2 P.B.C.

NIBP Module

IBP P.B.C.

X10

X11

X12

SPO2 Sensor

IBP

ECG Cable

NIBP

SPO2

TEMP Sensor

ECG

TEMP

Analog output

X5 ECG/ RESP/ TEMP P.B.C. X9

Cuff

IBP Cable

FIGURE 1-2 Connection Diagram

1.2.1

Power Supply Board Trio power supply board specifications: • AC input voltage:100~250 VAC • AC input current: <1.6 A • AC voltage frequency: 50/60 HZ • Two-way output voltage: 5 V/12 V, normal working current is 1.5 A for 5 V, 2 A for 12 V • Two-way output voltage has functions of short-circuit, over-current and over-voltage protection • The power board has reset function • The power board can manage the charging process of lead-acid battery (12 V/ 2.3 AH). The charging time is about 6 hours NOTE:

Trio™ Service Manual

Power Supply Board must be connected to resistive load to operate properly and avoid damage due to an overcurrent condition.

0070-00-0591-02

1-3

Hardware Overview

Theory of Operation

Power Supply Block Diagram 5VDC-DC converter

AC input

Voltage test

AC/DC REC POWER SOURCE

Battery and Charging Management Circuit

Power on/off control circuit

12V output

FIGURE 1-3 Block diagram of Trio power supply board

Key Test Points

1-4

NO.

NAME

LOCATION

FUNCTION

1

Rectified voltage

C12

Primary rectified voltage, range: 107~354 V

2

RTN1

C12 negative electrode

Primary ground

3

Driving waveform

Q1.1

There is a driving waveform of about 100 KHZ between Q1.1 and the negative electrode of C12

4

VIN

C19 positive electrode

17.5 V provide input voltage for DC-DC

5

GND

C19 negative electrode

Secondary ground

6

5B

C47 positive electrode

5 V spare output, provide power for on/off circuit

7

5V

ZD3 cathode

5 V output, voltage range is 4.75~5.25 V

8

12 V

ZD3 cathode

12 V output, voltage range is 11.0~13.0 V

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual

Theory of Operation

Hardware Overview

1.2.2

CPU Board (Main Control Board)

1.2.2.1

Overview Power Supply Input Voltage: +12 V±5%; +5 V±5% The main control board uses the COLDFIRE series embedded microprocessor 5206e manufactured by MOTOROLA Company. It also adopts 3.3 V low-voltage power supply to reduce the power consumption. Other main components on the main control board include: Flash, SRAM, FPGA, network controller, etc., all of which require 3.3 V power. The capacity of the Flash has been increased to 2 MB, which employs two parallel-connected 512K x 16 chips and therefore uses 32-bit character width to support CPU to operate at the highest possible speed instead of accessing the DRAM for operation. The main control board has also a 4 MB memory, which is made up of two parallel-connected 1M ×16-bit chips. Because no executing program is required to be loaded, only one RTC is used. This chip uses one 225maH dry cell as the spare power supply. In addition, one 2KB E2PROM is used to store parameters. The main control board supports a resolution of 800 x 600 and provides three interfaces: a LVDS interface, a 6 bit digital interface, and a VGA interface. The monitor displays characters and waveforms, in the same color, on the screen. The support system needs 10 serial ports, and the baud rate (4800/9600/19.2 K/38.4 K/76.8 K) can be selected by software and interface buffer drives. The main control board adopts the network controller AX88796 (3.3 V, 10 MHz), which has inside 16 K high-speed buffer SRAM. The MAX5102 8-bit single-way D/A converter is used to fulfill analog output. The 5 V and 12 V regulated voltage supplies are introduced from the power board, and therefore 3.3 V and 2.5 V working supplies are respectively generated. Among them, 2.5 V is to be used for the internal verification of FPGA.

Trio™ Service Manual

0070-00-0591-02

1-5

Hardware Overview

1.2.2.2

Theory of Operation

Block diagram 2

RTC/E PROM

DRAM

Flash/SRAM

Display driving circuit

CPU

Network controller

Interrupt management circuit

I/O serial interface

Audio alarm/spare battery

FPGA

FIGURE 1-4 Block diagram of Trio CPU board

1.2.2.3

Detailed Description 3.3 V low-voltage power supply component is used. The external power is 5 V, which is converted by the DC/DC converter into 3.3 V and 2.5 V, the latter voltage being especially used for FPGA. The main control board is connected to external devices via corresponding interfaces and input: the power supply connected to the interface board, the 9-way serial port, TFT interface, analog VGA interface, network interface, analog output and a spare serial port, etc. The BDM interface is reserved on the board for the purpose of software testing and downloads.

CPU Uses Coldfire5206e. Clock rate is 54 MHz, working voltage is 3.3 V.

FLASH Uses two parallel-connected 512K x 16 FLASH memories. The output terminal PP1 of CPU is used to realize write-protection of FLASH. It is effective in low-level state.

DRAM Trio CPU main control board uses two parallel-connected 1M x 16 DRAM, which construct 4M address space.

1-6

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual

Theory of Operation

Hardware Overview

Display The resolution is 800 x 600. Frequency is 38 MHz. It works in an appropriate SVGA mode. VRAM adopts 16-bit structure and is divided into an alphanumeric character screen and a waveform screen. To the left of the alphanumeric character screen is the corresponding waveform screen. The character screen is used to display data and flashing alarming parameters. The user can select the color of the waveform and alphanumeric characters for each parameter.

LVDS Interface By utilizing time-share sampling, the LVDS (Low Voltage Differential Signaling) interface converts multi-channel CMOS/TTL signals into single channel low-voltage double-frequency differential signals. LVDS interface is generally realized by a special integrated circuit. The special LVDS chip used for display is DS90CF363A. This chip converts 18-bits of RGB data and 3 bits of LCD timing and control data (21 bits of CMOS/TTL data) into 3 LVDS data streams. Four differential signals including the 3 data streams and a phase-locked frequency are transmitted to the display screen. The working frequency of DS90CF363A is 20~65 MHz.

Reset and Parameter Storage The CPU board uses an integrated chip CAT1161, which controls both power-on reset and parameter storage. This chip has an E2PROM with the capacity of 2K. It can be used to online modify and store various nonvolatile parameters of the host. The power-on reset and WATCHDOG functions are used to realize reset function of the CPU board. When J1 is open circuit, the software can also disable WATCHDOG by using the output signal PP0 of CPU in order to realize the self test of WATCHDOG. The bus interface of this chip is I2C.

Data Storage The CPU board uses one non-power-down SRAM with an internal battery to store monitoring data. Its capacity is 2 M.

Trio™ Service Manual

0070-00-0591-02

1-7

Hardware Overview

Theory of Operation

Network Controller The network controller adopts special chip AX88796. Its working clock is 25 MHz. It also has internal 16 K high-speed buffer SRAM. The data bus of this chip is 16-bit width. Key Test Points NO.

NAME

FUNCTION

1

V33

Digital supply voltage: +3.3 V

2

V25

FPGA supply voltage: +2.5 V

3

V3

Lithium battery voltage: +3 V

4

CLK

CPU master clock: 54 MHz

5

PCK

FPGA and display clock: 38 MHz

6

NCK

Network chip clock: 25 MHz

7

/RST

System reset signal

8

/NINT

Network chip interrupt signal

9

DO

Signal indicating successful FPGA configuration

1.2.3

Keypad

1.2.3.1

Block Diagram CPU (AT89C2051) Watchdog

RAM 128 x 8

BUTTON

button and encoder scan circuit

button signal input

FLASH 4KX8

serial communication Main control board

Alarm indicator control circuit

ENCODER

Sound Effect Control

Volume Control

Lowpass and Bandpass Filter

Power Amplifier LM386

speaker

FIGURE 1-5 Keypad Block Diagram

1-8

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual

Theory of Operation

1.2.3.2

Hardware Overview

Detailed Description This circuit has three main parts: 1.

Alarm Audio Signal Circuit: The alarm audio signal circuit is made up of components including U3, U6, R8, R25, E6 (E1), R11, R12, R3 and R32. P3.3 is used to control the length of the alarm sound. R8, E1 and E6 are used to generate the rise edge and the fall edge of the sound signal. Q1 is used to make the rise edge and fall edge of the lowlevel alarm slower than those of medium/high-level alarm. D1 is used to generate the heart beat and pulse tone. If P3.2 is high, the alarm square waveform of P3.5 will pass and, as a result, control P3.2 to generate a "heart beat tone" or "rotary encoder tone’. R11, R12, R3, R32 and R18 together construct a variable voltage-dividing network which, by controlling the state of RA and RB via U3, determines the sound volume level.

2. RC Bandpass Filter/Audio Amplifier: A one-stage RC bandpass filter is used to block the low frequency component of the alarm signal (700 Hz. square wave) before it is input to the audio amplifier, LM386. This bandpass filter is made up of R13, R28, C9, C15, RA and the input resistance R in of LM386. 3. Alarm Indicator Control/Encoder and Key Scanning: The flashing of the alarm indicator in red or green is controlled by the state of microchip P1.6 and P1.7. The microprocessor scans the state of microchips P1.0~P1.2 to determine which key, or if the encoder, is pressed. The microprocessor scans the state of microchips P1.4 and P1.5 to determine if the encoder is turned and in which direction it is turned. Key test points

Trio™ Service Manual

NO

NAME

LOCATION

FUNCTION

1

VCC

P4.4

Power input, range: 4.8~5.1V

2

GND

P4.5

Power supply and signal ground

3

RST

U1.1

CPU reset signal. At low level (<0.3V) when operating normally

4

Crystal oscillator

X1.1, X.2

CPU crystal oscillator. Sine wave (1.5~3.5V) when operating normally

0070-00-0591-02

1-9

Hardware Overview

Theory of Operation

1.2.4

TR60-C recorder

1.2.4.1

Block Diagram Thermal Head

Motor driver

cpld 9536

Status Detection

DC/DC 12 V > 8 V

CPU

Signal & 5 V

FIGURE 1-6 Block diagram of TR60-C drive board

1.2.4.2

Detailed Description Thermal head The thermal head, the core component in the TR60-C recorder, is the PTMBL1300A thermal head, manufactured by the ALPS company.

CPU system The CPU system is the core of the drive board. Its task is to receive the data from the host and generate lattice messages after calculation using a specified algorithm. These messages are then sent to the thermal head to be printed out. The CPU system can simultaneously collect data from both thermal head and drive board and display data sent to the host.

Power conversion The recorder requires the system to provide two voltages: 12 V and 5 V. The 5 V is directly driven by the logic and analog circuit of the drive board and the thermal head. Its current is less than 150 mA. The 12 V is converted into 8 V (by the DC/DC on the board) to drive the thermal head and the motor. The current required is determined by the printing content and ranges from 0.5 A to 2 A.

1 - 10

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual

Theory of Operation

Hardware Overview

Motor drive A small motor is used to control the paper movement at the thermal head. The processor on the drive board uses two motor drives IC LB1843 V to control and drive the motor. These two IC’s use constant current to control and drive the motor.

Status detection To correctly and safely control and drive the thermal head and the motor, the drive board must use the sensor inside the thermal head to detect the following signals: the position of the chart paper, if the chart paper is installed and if the temperature of the thermal head has exceeded the limit. Key Test Points

Trio™ Service Manual

NO.

NAME

LOCATION

FUNCTION

1

12 V

JP3.1

Power input, range: 10~18 V

2

GND

JP3.2

Power and signal ground

3

VPP

U7.8

Power supply for heating thermal head and drive motor: 7.8 V~8.4 V

4

VCC

U1.14

+5 V supply: 4.75~5.25 V

5

RESET

U3.10

CPU reset signal. At high level(>2.4 V) after power-on

0070-00-0591-02

1 - 11

Parameter Circuit Descriptions

Theory of Operation

1.3

Parameter Circuit Descriptions

1.3.1

ECG The main functions concerning ECG are: • Lead: 3-lead, 5-lead • Lead Method; I, II, III, avR, avL, avF, V, CAL • Floating Input • Right-Leg Drive • Lead-off Detection The ECG circuit is responsible for processing the ECG signals of human body. The circuit consists of following parts: Input Circuit: The ECG electrodes are connected into the circuit through the cable. This circuit is mainly used to protect ECG input stage and filter the signals so as to remove the outside interference. Buffer Amplifying Circuit: Used to convert the impedance of ECG signals, so as to ensure that the ECG has a very high input impedance but only low output impedance. Right-Leg Drive Circuit: The middle output point of the buffer amplifying circuit is reversely amplified and then fed to the RL of the 5-lead ECG to maintain the human body in a equipotential state. This method can reduce the interference and raise the commonmode rejection ratio of the circuit. Lead-off Detection: Based on the theory that the lead-off may cause the output of the buffer amplifying circuit to change, we can use the comparator to accurately determine if the lead has fallen off. In this way, the level can also be converted into TTL level for the MPU to test. Main Amplifying Circuit: A measurement amplifier consisting of three standard operation amplifiers. Last Stage Processing Circuit: Used mainly to couple ECG signals, program control of the gain amplifier, filter the waveform and move the level, amplify the signal and send it to the analog-to-digital converter.

1.3.2

Respiration Respiration is measured by the thoracic impedance method. When a person is breathing, his chest moves up and down. This movement equals the impedance change between electrodes RL and LL. The monitor converts the high-frequency signals passing through RL and LL into amplitude-modulated high-frequency signals, which are then demodulated and amplified into electronic signals varying with the respiration changes and then transmitted to analog-digital converter. RESP module is made up of a respiration circuit board and a coupling transformer. The circuit includes stages such as: oscillation, coupling, demodulation, preliminary amplification and high-gain amplification.

1 - 12

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual

Theory of Operation

1.3.3

Parameter Circuit Descriptions

NIBP The monitor measures non-invasive blood pressure using the oscillometric method. Detailed measurement procedures follows: 1. Inflate the cuff encircled around the upper arm until the pressure in the cuff blocks the blood flow in the artery of the upper arm. 2. Then deflate the cuff according to the requirement of the algorithm. 3. With the pressure decreasing in the cuff, the arterial blood will palpitate with the pulse, which results in pulsation in the cuff. Through the pressure sensor connected to the bladder of the cuff, a pulsation signal synchronous with the patient’s pulse will be generated. 4. After being filtered by a high-pass filter (about 1 Hz), this signal becomes the pulsating signal and is amplified. The amplified signal is then converted into a digital signal by the A/D converter. 5. After processing this digital signal, we may obtain systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and mean pressure. To avoid measurement errors, be careful to choose appropriate cuffs for neonatal, pediatric and adult patients. The NIBP module also has an overpressure protection circuit to prevent the cuff from being inflated to a very high pressure. The main operating modes of NIBP are: A. Adult/Pediatric/Neonate Select according to the patient size, weight and age. B. Manual Measurement Manual measurement is also called single measurement. It means the monitor only performs one measurement for each time the NIBP key is pressed. C.

Interval Measurement Interval measurement means to perform one measurement within selected time cycle. Time intervals can be set up as: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, and 4 hours, OFF, CONT. (Continuous). If set to continuous, the monitor will perform a measurement continuously for 5 minutes then revert to an interval setting of 5 min. Continuous measurement is effective in monitoring changes in blood pressure.

1.3.4

SpO2 SpO2 Plethysmograph measurement is employed to determine the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the arterial blood. If, for example, 97% hemoglobin molecules in the red blood cells of the arterial blood combine with oxygen, then the blood has a SpO2 oxygen saturation of 97%. The SpO2 numeric on the monitor will read 97%. The SpO2 numeric shows the percentage of hemoglobin molecules which have combined with oxygen molecules to form oxyhemoglobin. The SpO2/Pleth parameter can also provide a pulse rate signal and a plethysmograph. Arterial oxygen saturation is measured by a method called pulse oximetry. It is a continuous, non-invasive, method based on the different absorption spectra of reduced hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin. It measures the amount of light that is transmitted through patient tissue (such as a finger or an ear).

Trio™ Service Manual

0070-00-0591-02

1 - 13

Parameter Circuit Descriptions

Theory of Operation

The sensor measurement wavelengths are nominally 660 nm for the Red LED and 940 nm for the Infrared LED. Maximum optical power output for LED is 4 mW. The amount of light transmitted depends on many factors, most of which are constant. However, one of these factors, arterial blood flow, varies with time because it is pulsating. By measuring the light absorption during a pulsation, it is possible to derive the oxygen saturation of the arterial blood. Detecting the pulsation gives a pleth waveform and pulse rate signal. The SpO2 value and the pleth waveform can be displayed on the main screen.

1.3.5

Temperature The temperature circuit can amplify and filter the input signal of the temperature probe and then output it into the A/D sampling circuit on the ECG/RESP board. This circuit consists of sampling switching, constant-current supply, signal amplifier, filter and probe detector. The output signal of the circuit has clamping protection to ensure that the output voltage is less than VCC. The circuit also has self-calibrating function.

1.3.6

IBP (optional) Invasive Blood Pressure monitors arterial pressure, central venous pressure and pulmonary arterial pressure. IBP may be measured by inserting the catheter into the appropriate blood vessel. The end of the catheter, located outside the human body, should connect directly to the pressure transducer. Inject normal saline into the catheter. Since the liquid can transfer pressure, the pressure inside the blood vessel can be transferred to the outside pressure transducer. In this way we can obtain the waveform of the dynamic pressure inside the vessel. Systolic, diastolic and mean pressures are calculated by using an algorithm.

1 - 14

0070-00-0591-02

Trio™ Service Manual