BX41 SYSTEM MICROSCOPE Instructions

BX41

CONTENTS Correct assembly and adjustments are critical for the microscope to exhibit its full performance. If you are going to assemble the microscope yourself, please read section 7, “ASSEMBLY” (pages 25 to 27) carefully.

IMPORTANT - Be sure to read this section for safe use of the equipment. -

1-3

1

NOMENCLATURE

2

TRANSMITTED LIGHT BRIGHTFIELD OBSERVATION PROCEDURE

5-6

3

USING THE CONTROLS

7-18

4

3-1 Base ... 7-8 1 Voltage Indication; 2 Using the Light Intensity Preset Switch; 3 Using the Filters

3-2 Focusing Block ... 9 1 Replacing the Fine Adjustment Knob; 2 Adjusting the Coarse Adjustment Knob Tension; 3 Pre-focusing Lever

3-3 Stage ... 10-12 1 Placing the Specimen; 2 Adjusting the X- and Y-Axis Knob Tension; 3 Rotating the Stage;

4 Adjusting the Stage Height

3-4 Observation Tube ... 13-15 1 Adjusting the Interpupillar Distance; 2 Adjusting the Diopter; 3 Using the Eye Shades;

4 Using Eyepiece Micrometer Disks;

5 Selecting the Light Path;

6 Adjusting the Tilt

3-5 Condenser ... 16-17 1 Centering the Condenser; 2 Compatibility of Objectives and Condensers

3-6 Immersion Objectives ... 18 1 Using Immersion Objectives

3-7 Objectives with Correction Collar ... 18

4

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE

19-21

5

SPECIFICATIONS

22-23

6

OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS

7

ASSEMBLY - See this section for the replacement of the light bulb. -

24

25-27

PROPER SELECTION OF THE POWER SUPPLY CORD ... 28-29

IMPORTANT This microscope employs a UIS2/UIS (Universal Infinity System) optical design, and should be used only with UIS2/UIS eyepieces, objectives and condensers for the BX2 series. (Some of the modules designed for the BX series and objectives/eyepieces for the UIS series are also usable. For details, please consult Olympus or the catalogue.) Less than optimum performance may result if inappropriate accessories are used.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

@

Fig. 1

(Fig. 1) 1. After the equipment has been used in an observation of a specimen that is accompanied with a potential of infection, clean the parts coming in contact with the specimen to prevent infection. · Moving this product is accompanied with the risk of dropping the specimen. Be sure to remove the specimen before moving this product. · In case the specimen is damaged by erroneous operation, promptly take the infection prevention measures. 2. Install the microscope on a sturdy, level table or bench so as not to block the air vents on the underside of the base. Do not place the microscope on a flexible surface, as this could result in blocking the air vents and cause overheating or a fire. 3. To prevent obstruction of the natural convection-based air cooling of the microscope, make sure to leave at least 10 cm of free space between walls or other objects, and the left, right and rear sides of the microscope and the lamp socket when installing the microscope. 4. To avoid potential shock hazards and burns when replacing the light bulb, set the main switch @ to “ ” (OFF) then disconnect the power cord from the wall outlet in advance. Whenever you replace the bulb during use or right after use, allow the lamp socket ² and bulb to cool before touching. (Figs. 1 & 2) Designated bulb

²

Fig. 2

1

6V30WHAL (PHILIPS 5761)

# The microscope also incorporate a fuse (this should be replaced by the manufacturer or authorized agent). 5. Always use the power cord provided by Olympus. If no power cord is provided, please select the proper power cord by referring to the section “PROPER SELECTION OF THE POWER SUPPLY CORD” at the end of this instruction manual. If the proper power cord is not used, product safety and performance cannot be guaranteed. 6. Always ensure that the grounding terminal of the microscope and that of the wall outlet are properly connected. If the equipment is not grounded/earthed, Olympus can no longer warrant the electrical safety and performance of the equipment. 7. Never insert metallic objects into the air vents of the microscope frame as this could result in electrical shock, personal injury and equipment damage. 8. The power cord may be melt by the heat of lamp socket if the cord comes in contact with it. Distribute the power cord at an enough distance from the lamp socket.

BX41

Safety Symbols The following symbols are found on the microscope. Study the meaning of the symbols and always use the equipment in the safest possible manner. Symbol

Explanation Indicates that the surface becomes hot, and should not be touched with bare hands. Before use, carefully read the instruction manual. Improper use could result in personal injury to the user and/or damage to the equipment.

l

Indicates that the main switch is ON.

Indicates that the main switch is OFF.

Warnings Warning engraving/stickers are placed at parts where special precaution is required when handling and using the microscope. Always heed the warnings. Warning engraving position

Lamp socket (Warning against high temperature)

Warning sticker position

Microscope frame rear panel (Warning against high temperature)

Should warning stickers become soiled, peeled off, etc., contact Olympus for replacement.

1

Getting Ready

@

² Fig. 3

1. A microscope is a precision instrument. Handle it with care and avoid subjecting it to sudden or severe impact. 2. Do not use the microscope where it is subjected to direct sunlight, high temperature and humidity, dust or vibrations. (For the operating conditions, refer to section 5, “SPECIFICATIONS”.) 3. When moving the microscope, remove the specimen and modules that may drop during transport and carefully carry it with the grasping part on the rear of the arm and the base as shown in Fig. 3 (Weight: approx. 13 kg). Be sure to remove the specimen @ that is likely to drop and the filter ² on the filter mount. # If an intermediate attachment hinders you grasp the grasping part on the rear, remove the intermediate attachment before carrying. # Damage to the microscope will occur if you grasp it by the stage, coarse/fine adjustment knob or binocular section of the observation tube. 4. The BX41 can be used with up to two intermediate attachments (e.g. a UCA magnification changer, U-EPA2 eyepoint adjuster, etc.). For restrictions when using two intermediate attachments, make sure to read the instruction manual provided with the respective intermediate attachments. # The microscope becomes unstable particularly when the U-TRU trinocular attachment is attached on the side position or the microscope height is increased. In this case, take measures for preventing the microscope from toppling down.

2

2

Maintenance and Storage 1. To clean the lenses and other glass components, simply blow dirty away using a commercially available blower and wipe gently using a piece of cleaning paper (or clean gauze). If a lens is stained with fingerprints or oil smudges, wipe it gauze slightly moistened with commercially available absolute alcohol. Since the absolute alcohol is highly flammable, it must be handled carefully. Be sure to keep it away from open flames or potential sources of electrical sparks –– for example, electrical equipment that is being switched on or off. Also remember to always use it only in a well-ventilated room. 2. The filter mount lens on the base is made of plastic. Do not rub it with a strong force to prevent damaging it. 3. Do not attempt to use organic solvents to clean the microscope components other than the glass components. To clean them, use a lint-free, soft cloth slightly moistened with a diluted neutral detergent. 4. Do not disassemble any part of the microscope as this could result in malfunction or reduced performance. 5. When the microscope is not in use, be sure to set the main switch to “ ” (OFF). After checking that the lamp housing has been cooled down, place the dust-prevention cover on the microscope for storage. 6. When disposing of the microscope. Check the regulations and rules of your local government and be sure to observe them.

3

Caution If the microscope is used in a manner not specified by this manual, the safety of the user may be imperiled. In addition, the equipment may also be damaged. Always use the equipment as outlined in this instruction manual. The following symbols are used to set off text in this instruction manual. : Indicates that failure to follow the instructions in the warning could result in bodily harm to the user and/or damage to equipment (including objects in the vicinity of the equipment). # : Indicates that failure to follow the instructions could result in damage to equipment. } : Indicates commentary (for ease of operation and maintenance).

This device complies with the requirements of directive 98/79/EC concerning in vitro diagnostic medical devices. CE marking means the conformity to the directive.

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. FCC WARNING: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

3

BX41

1 NOMENCLATURE } If you have not yet assembled the microscope, read section 7, “ASSEMBLY” (pages 25 to 27).

Interpupillary distance adjustment scale (Page 13)

Allen screwdriver (accommodation position)

Condenser height adjustment knob (Page 16)

Diopter adjustment ring (Page 13)

Main switch (Page 1)

Voltage indicator LED Slide holder (Page 10)

Aperture iris diaphragm ring (Page 17)

Fine adjustment knob (Page 9) (Detachable)

Light intensity preset switch (Page 7)

Light intensity preset adjustment screw (Page 7)

Pre-focusing Lever (Page 9) Y-axis knob (Page 11)

Filter mount (Page 7)

Field iris diaphragm ring (Page 16)

X-axis knob (Page 11)

Coarse adjustment knob (Page 9)

Brightness adjustment knob (Page 7) (Lamp voltage adjustment knob) Coarse adjustment tension adjustment ring (Page 9)

4

TRANSMITTED LIGHT BRIGHTFIELD OBSERVATION PROCEDURE

Set the main switch to “ I ” (ON) and adjust the brightness.

Select the light path (trinocular tube).

Place the specimen on the stage.

Engage the 10X objective in the light path.

Bring the specimen in focus.

Adjust the interpupillary distance. Adjust the diopter. Adjust the light axis.

Adjust the aperture iris and field iris diaphragms.

Engage the desired objective in the light path and bring the specimen in focus.

(Page)

@Main switch ²Brightness adjustment knob

(P. 7)

³Light path selector knob

(P. 14)

|Slide holder ƒX/Y-axis knobs

(P. 10) (P. 11)

…Revolving nosepiece

†Coarse/fine adjustment knobs

(P. 9)

‡Binocular tube ŠDiopter adjustment ring ‰Condenser height adjustment knob ‹Condenser centering knob

(P. 13) (P. 13) (P. 16)

ŒAperture iris diaphragm ring ™Field iris diaphragm ring

(P. 17) (P. 16)

(P. 16)

…Revolving nosepiece

Insert the required filters.

šFilter mount

(P. 7)

Adjust the brightness.

²Brightness adjustment knob

(P. 7)

Start observation.

5

(Controls Used)

BX41

‡ ³ (Trinocular observation tube only)

|

Š @

…

‰ Œ ƒ ‹ † ™ š ²

†

} Copy the observation procedure pages on separate sheets and post it near your microscope.

6

USING THE CONTROLS 3-1 Base 1

Voltage Indication

(Fig. 4)

1. Turn the brightness adjustment knob @ clockwise to increase the voltage and make illumination brighter. 2. The numerals ² below the knob indicate the approximate voltage.

@

² Fig. 4

2

Using the Light Intensity Preset Switch

(Fig. 5)

}The light intensity preset switch @ makes it possible to limit the light intensity to a preselected level regardless of the position of the brightness adjustment knob. The light intensity preset switch has been set to about 4 V at the factory. 1. Press the light intensity preset switch @ to the ON position. (The face of the switch lights when it is ON.) 2. Using a small flat-blade screwdriver, turn the preset adjustment screw ² to obtain the required light intensity. Turning the screw clockwise increases brightness. 3. When the light intensity preset switch is set to OFF, the brightness returns to the level set by the brightness adjustment knob. }While the light intensity preset switch is ON, turning the brightness adjustment knob does not affect brightness.

@ ²

Fig. 5

3

Using the Filters

(Figs. 6 - 10)

}You can place a filter in the light path with either method. · Place a filter on the filter mount on the base and engage in the light path. (Page 7) · Insert a filter in the U-FC filter cassette, attach it on the filter mount and engage it in the light path by sliding the filter level. (Page 8)

@

Mounting a Single Filter

(Fig. 6)

A filter with a diameter of 45 mm can be placed on the filter mount on the base. If you need to place multiple filters, please purchase the U-FC filter cassette. # Even when a filter cassette is used, a filter with thickness of no more than 3 mm can still be placed on the filter mount.

Fig. 6

7

BX41

Using the Filter Cassette

(Figs. 7 - 10)

Loading Filters into Filter Cassette

@

Fig. 7

}The filter cassette accommodates filters with a diameter of 45 mm and thickness of 2.7 mm or less. }The filter cassette has two filter levels on the right side and one on the left side. 1. Move all filter levers to the OUT position except for the one belonging to the slot into which the filter is to be inserted. 2. Slide lever @ to the IN position. Make sure that it clicks securely into place. (Fig. 7) 3. Holding the lever in the position shown in Fig. 7, put the filter into the cassette by inserting it in the direction indicated by the arrow. 4. Insert the other two filters in the same manner. Mounting the Filter Cassette

³ ² | ƒ

Fig. 8

1. Fully loosen the filter cassette clamping screw ². (Fig. 8) 2. Align the key ³ on the bottom surface of the filter cassette with the positioning slot | on the filter mount, then snap the filter cassette into place from above. 3. Rotate the filter cassette to align its sides with the base. (Fig. 9) 4. Align the clamping screw ² with the positioning hole ƒ on the filter mount, then tighten the screw to fasten the filter cassette. # When the filter cassette is installed, the condenser may hit it when the stage is lowered. Therefore, exercise caution when lowering the stage with the filter cassette installed. Using the Filter Cassette

(Fig. 10)

Usable Filters

Fig. 9

Applications

45LBD-IF*

Color balancing filter

45ND-6, 45ND-25

Neutral density filter

45G-530, 45G-533, 45IF550*

Green

45Y-48

Yellow

45O-560

Orange

B&W contrast filter

Up to three of the above filters can be loaded in the filter cassette. Moving the levers … on the left and right sides of the cassette to the IN position brings the corresponding filter into the light path. * When an IF (Interference) filter is used, flare or ghost may be observed. The flare or ghost may be reduced by additionally using an ND filter with the IF filter.

… Fig. 10

8

3-2 Focusing Block 1 |

@ Fig. 11

@

2

3

Fig. 13

9

Adjusting the Coarse Adjustment Knob Tension

(Fig. 12)

# Adjust the coarse adjustment knob tension using the tension adjustment ring. The coarse adjustment knob tension is preadjusted for easy use. However, if desired, you can change the tension using the tension adjustment ring @. Turning the ring in the direction of the arrow increases tension, and vice versa. The tension is too low if the stage drops by itself of focus is quickly lost after adjustment with the fine adjustment knob. In this case, turn the ring in the direction of the arrow to increase tension.

Fig. 12

@

(Fig. 11)

# The fine adjustment knob has been attached on the right side at the factory. }The fine adjustment knob is designed detachable to prevent interference with hand during manipulation of the X-and Y-axis knobs. Usually attach the knob on the opposite side to the X- and Y-axis knobs. 1. Using the Allen screwdriver, loosen the clamping screw @ and remove the fine adjustment knob ². 2. Remove the seal from the fine adjustment knob screw hole on the other side and attach the knob by reversing the removal procedure. 3. Attach a provided seal on the screw hole | of the removed fine adjustment knob. }The fine adjustment dial ³ can be operated with your fingertip or finger surface at the same time as manipulating the X- and Y-axis knobs.

³ ²

Replacing the Fine Adjustment Knob

Pre-focusing Lever

(Fig. 13)

}The pre-focusing lever ensures that the objective does not come in contact with the specimen and simplifies focusing. After focusing on the specimen with the coarse adjustment knob, turn this lever @ in the direction of the arrow and lock; the upper limit on coarse adjustment movement is set at the locked position. After changing a specimen, refocusing is easily accomplished by rotating the coarse adjustment knob to reach the pre-focused position, then making fine adjustments with the fine adjustment knob. }Stage movement with the fine adjustment knob is not locked. # When the pre-focusing lever is locked, a coarse movement stroke is reduced due to the microscope’s mechanism, causing the stage not to be able to be lowered to the lower limit. To lower the stage to the lower limit, release the pre-focusing lever.

BX41

3-3 Stage 1

² @

Placing the Specimen # The dimensions of the slide glass should be 26 x 76 mm with thickness of 0.9 to 1.4 mm, and the cover glass should have thickness of 0.17 mm. # When observing very large specimens, remove the slide holder and place the specimen directly on the stage. Microscopy with Double-Slide Holder (Fig. 14) 1. Turn the coarse adjustment knob @ to lower the stage. 2. Open the spring-loaded curved finger ² on the slide holder and place one or two specimen slides on the stage from the front. 3. After placing the sides as far as they will go, gently release the curved finger.

Fig. 14

Microscopy with Single-Slide Holder (Fig. 15) The specimen side can easily be placed by sliding it into the slide holder from the front.

Fig. 15 Using an Oil Immersion Objective Adsorption of immersion oil can cause the specimen to drift. In such cases, it is recommended to use the optional BH2-SCB-3 specimen clip ³ for oil immersion objectives. (Fig. 16) Using an Oil Immersion Condenser

³

It may be effective to use the optional U-SVRO (right-hand knob) or USVLO (left-hand knob) slotted stage which prevents close contact between the specimen and stage.

Fig. 16

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2

Adjusting the X- and Y-Axis Knob Tension

(Fig. 17)

1. Hold the X-axis knob @ and slide up the Y-axis knob ² up to expose the adjustment knobs. 2. Turning the X-axis adjustment knob ³ or Y-axis adjustment knob | clockwise (in the direction of the arrow) increases the tension and counterclockwise decreases it. # If the tension is adjusted to tight, a creaking sound may be heard during stage travel, and the stage stopping accuracy may be imperiled.

² | ³ @ Fig. 17

CAUTION

After long hours of use, the stage guide may be deviated and the stage travel range may be decreased. However, this is not malfunction and can be corrected easily as described below.

[Treatment] Horizontal direction: Hold the specimen holder and move the stage guide to the left and right so that it hits the stoppers. Vertical direction: Hold the upper stage and move it to the front and rear so that it hits the stoppers. Stage Knob Rubbers (Optional) }When the X- and Y-axis knobs are fitted with the rubber caps, the knobs can be adjusted without slipping and fine adjustment is possible by holding the knobs with a very light force. The rubber caps also reduce fatigue after long hours of operation. The U-SHGT thick type (thickness 5 mm) and U-SHG thin type (thickness 2 mm) rubber caps are available. To attach the rubber caps: First fit the larger knob rubber to the Y-axis (upper) knob from below it, then fit the smaller knob rubber to the X-axis (lower) knob from below it.

11

BX41

3

Rotating the Stage

(Fig. 18)

1. Slightly loosen the stage clamping screw @. 2. The stage can be rotated both clockwise and counterclockwise by the stage clamping screw. # A click may be heard and felt during rotation. However, this is due to the construction of the substage and does not indicate a malfunction. }The angle of rotation varies depending on the X- and Y-axis knobs.

@

Angle of Rotation

Fig. 18

4

@ Fig. 19

²

Clockwise

Counterclockwise

Right hand knobs

230°

20°

Left hand knobs

20°

230°

Adjusting the Stage Height

(Figs. 19 & 20)

}By lowering the position of the substage, the microscope will accommodate specimens with maximum height of 35 mm. This is useful when observing metallurgical specimens and other thick objects. 1. Lower the stage to the lower limit, then remove the stage from the microscope. 2. Using the Allen screwdriver, loosen the substage bracket clamping screw @ and remove the substage. 3. Turn the coarse adjustment knob and raise the focusing block ³ to where the stopper screw ² on the arm becomes visible. 4. Using the Allen screwdriver, loosen and remove the upper stopper screw ². 5. Reattach substage bracket and stage. }Store the removed stopper screw ² in a safe place so that it will not be lost, if needed again.

³

Fig. 20

12

3-4 Observation Tube 1

Adjusting the Interpupillar Distance

(Fig. 21)

While looking through the eyepieces, adjust for binocular vision until the left and right fields of view coincide completely. The index dot · indicates the interpupillary distance. }Note your interpupillary distance so that it can be quickly duplicated.

Fig. 21

@

2

Adjusting the Diopter

(Figs 22 & 23)

1. Looking through the eyepiece without the diopter adjustment ring, rotate the coarse and fine adjustment knobs to bring the specimen into focus. 2. Looking through the eyepiece with the diopter adjustment ring, turn only the diopter adjustment ring @ to focus on the specimen. (Fig. 22)

² Fig. 22 Using a Finder Eyepiece 1. Looking through the right eyepiece with your right eye, turn the top of the eyepiece ² until a clearly defined double crossline can be seen in the field of view. (Figs. 22 & 23) 2. Looking through the right eyepiece, rotate the coarse and fine adjustment knobs to bring the specimen and double crossline into simultaneous focus. 3. Looking through the left eyepiece with your left eye, turn the diopter adjustment ring @ to focus on the specimen. Using a Super Widefield Observation Tube Fig. 23

Adjust the diopter as instructed above. However, since no diopter adjustment ring is provided, turn the top of the eyepiece instead.

3

Using the Eye Shades

(Fig. 24)

When Wearing Eyeglasses Use with the eye shades in the normal, folded-down position. This will prevent the eyeglasses from being scratched. When Not Wearing Eyeglasses Extend the folded eye shades in the direction of the arrow to prevent extraneous light from entering between the eyepieces and eyes.

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Fig. 24

BX41

4 @

(Fig. 25)

Eyepiece micrometer disks can be inserted into WHN10X-H (or WHN10X) eyepieces. When the eyepiece in use does not have a diopter adjustment function, the micrometer disk cannot be brought into focus if you have poor eyesight. Should that be the case, adjust the focus with eyeglasses on. Use 24 mm diam. x 1.5 mm micrometer disks. Following Fig. 25, turn the built-in micrometer mounting frame ² counterclockwise to remove it from the eyepiece and place a micrometer disk @ into the mounting frame. The engraving on the micrometer disk should face downward into the micrometer mounting frame. Screw the micrometer mounting frame back into the eyepiece sleeve.

²

Fig. 25

@

Using Eyepiece Micrometer Disks

5

Selecting the Light Path (with the U-TR30-2 or U-SWTR-3)

(Fig. 26)

Slide the light path selector knob @ to select the desired light path. Light Path Selector Knob

Intensity Ratio

Applications

100% for binocular eyepieces

Observation of dark specimens

Middle position

20% for binocular eyepieces, 80% for TV/photography

Observation of bright specimens, photography, TV observation

Pulled out

100% for TV/ photography

Photography, TV observation

Pushed in

Fig. 26

Symbol

14

6

Fig. 27

Adjusting the Tilt (with the U-TBI3)

(Fig. 27)

}Adjust the height and tilt of the observation tube to obtain the most comfortable viewing position. Holding the binocular section with both hands, raise or lower it to the desired position. # Never attempt to force the binocular section past the upper or lower stop position. Applying excessive force could destroy the limiting mechanism. }The U-TBI3 be used in combination with only one intermediate attachment. }If you need photography using the U-TBI3, use the U-TRU trinocular tube. With the U-ETBI/U-TTBI (Fig. 28) The U-ETBI and U-TTBI are ergonomic observation tubes with normal field, capable of the tilting adjustment as well as the adjustment of the eyepiece position toward the front and rear (by 45 mm). The U-ETBI is the erect image model and the U-TTBI is the inverted image model, and both models are of the same size. # The intermediate attachments that can be combined with the U-TTBI are limited. For details, please contact Olympus.

Fig. 28

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BX41

3-5 Condenser 1

@

³ ² Fig. 29

Centering the Condenser

(Figs. 29 & 30)

1. Turn the condenser height adjustment knob @ to raise the condenser to its upper limit. 2. Focus on the specimen using the 10X objective. # When using the U-SC3 swing-out condenser, move the top lens into the light path. 3. Rotate the field iris diaphragm ring ² in the direction of the arrow so that the diaphragm image comes inside the field of view. 4. Manipulate the condenser height adjustment knob @ to focus on the diaphragm image 5. Turn the two condenser centering screws ³ to move the iris diaphragm image to the center of the field of view. 6. Gradually open the field iris diaphragm. The condenser is properly centered if the iris image is centered and inscribed in the field of view. 7. During actual use, open the field diaphragm slightly until its image circumscribes the field of view.

Effects of Field Iris Diaphragm (Fig. 30) The field iris diaphragm restricts the diameter of the beam of light entering the objective and thus excludes extraneous light, improving image contrast. The diameter of the field iris should e adjusted for objective power to the extent that it just circumscribes the field of view. (See “Compatibility of Objectives and Condensers” on the next page.) Fig. 30

16

Aperture Iris Diaphragm

Aperture iris diaphragm image

(Figs. 31 & 32)

70-80%

· The aperture iris diaphragm determines the numerical aperture of the 30-20%

Objective pupil

Fig. 31

²

@

illumination system. It has an effect of adjusting image resolution and contrast. Stopping down the aperture iris diaphragm increases the depth of focus. · Since the contrast of microscope specimens is ordinarily low, setting the condenser aperture iris diaphragm to between 70 and 80% of the N.A. ² of the objective in use is usually recommended. Adjust the ratio by removing the eyepiece and looking into the eyepiece sleeve while adjusting the aperture iris diaphragm ring @ until the image shown in Fig. 31 is seen. }Using the numerical aperture scale: You can use the condenser numerical aperture scale by adjusting the aperture iris diaphragm ring @. (Fig. 32)

N.A. scale

Fig. 32

2

Compatibility of Objectives and Condensers Objective Magnification

Condenser Abbe U-AC2

Achromat/aplanat U-AAC

Swing-out U-SC3

1.25X

Applicable to FN 22

2X

Applicable by moving top lens out of the light path.* (FN 26.5)

4X 10-60X 100X**

Applicable to FN 22 Applicable (FN 26.5)

Applicable (FN 26.5)

Ultralow magnification U-ULC-2

Applicable (FN 26.5)

Engage top lens in light path (FN 26.5)

* When using the U-SC3 swing-out condenser together with a 1.25X to 4X objective, fully open the condenser aperture iris diaphragm and use the field iris diaphragm in the base as aperture diaphragm. With the 1.25X to 2X objectives, the surroundings of the field of view may be dark but observation is still possible. **When using the U-AC2 Abbe condenser, the field iris diaphragm image cannot be viewed with a 100X objective. }To obtain better illumination in photomicrography using a 1.25X to 4X objective, use of the U-ULC-2 is recommended.

17

BX41

3-6 Immersion Objectives # Be sure to use the provided Olympus Immersion oil.

1

Fig. 33

Using Immersion Objectives

(Fig. 33)

1. Focus on the specimen with objectives in the order of lower-power to higher-power ones. 2. Before engaging the immersion objective, place a drop of provided immersion oil onto the specimen at the area to be observed. 3. Turn the revolving nosepiece to engage the immersion objective, then focus using the fine adjustment knob. # Since air bubbles in the oil will affect the image quality, make sure that the oil is free of bubbles. a. To check for bubbles, remove the eyepiece and fully open the field and aperture iris diaphragms, then look at the exit pupil of the objective inside the observation tube. (The pupil should appear round and bright.) b. To remove bubbles, turn the revolving nosepiece to repeatedly defocus and refocus the oil immersion objective. }If the condenser engraving shows a numerical aperture (NA) of 1.0 or higher, the number applies only when oil is applied between the slide glass and the top surface of the condenser. When oil is not present, the NA is about 0.9. 4. After use, remove immersion oil from the objective front lens by wiping with gauze slightly moistened with absolute alcohol. Caution in use of immersion oil If immersion oil enters your eyes or contacts with your skin, immediately take the following treatment. Eyes: Rinse with fresh water (for 15 minutes or more). Skin: Rinse with water and soap. If the appearance of the eyes or skin is altered or pain persists, immediately see your doctor.

3-7 Objectives with Correction Collar }If the cover glass thickness is not 0.17 mm, the objectives cannot manifest their performances. If a correction collar equipped objective is used in this case, the difference in thickness can be compensated for by adjusting the collar. Adjustment Procedure

@

Fig. 34

· If the cover glass thickness is known, set the correction collar @ to that value. (Fig. 34) · If the cover glass thickness is unknown, adjust the correction collar @ and fine adjustment knob alternately until the positioning with the highest resolution is obtained. # Be careful not to touch the correction collar @ when turning the revolving nosepiece.

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