BX45 ERGONOMIC MICROSCOPE Instructions May 2006

BX45

CONTENTS Correct assembly and adjustments are critical for the microscope to exhibit its full performance. If you are going to assemble the microscope yourself, please read section 8, “ASSEMBLY” (pages 28 to 30) carefully.

IMPORTANT - Be sure to read this section for safe use of the equipment. -

1-3

1

NOMENCLATURE

4-5

2

TRANSMITTED LIGHT BRIGHTFIELD OBSERVATION PROCEDURE

6-7

3

USING THE CONTROLS

8-18

3-1 Base ... 8-9 1 Voltage Indication; 2 Using the Light Intensity Preset Switch; 3 Using the Filters

3-2 Focusing Block ... 10 1 Replacing the Fine Adjustment Knob; 2 Adjusting the Coarse Adjustment Knob Tension; 3 Pre-focusing Lever

3-3 Stage ... 11-12 1 Placing the Specimen; 2 Adjusting the X- and Y-Axis Knob Tension; 3 Rotating the Stage

3-4 Observation Tube ... 13-14 1 Adjusting the Interpupillar Distance; 2 Adjusting the Diopter; 3 Using the Eye Shades;

4 Using Eyepiece Micrometer Disks;

5 Adjusting the Tilt

3-5 Condenser ... 15-16 1 Centering the Condenser; 2 Compatibility of Objectives and Condensers

3-6 Immersion Objectives ... 17 1 Using Immersion Objectives

3-7 Objectives with Correction Collar ... 17 3-8 Marker (U-MARKER)... 18

4

OBSERVATION METHODS

18-21

4-1 Transmitted Light Phase Contrast Observation ... 18-19 4-2 Transmitted Light Darkfield Observation ... 20 4-3 Transmitted Light Simple Polarization Observation ... 21

5

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE

22-24

6

SPECIFICATIONS

25-26

7

OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS

8

ASSEMBLY - See this section for the replacement of the light bulb. -

27

28-30

■ PROPER SELECTION OF THE POWER SUPPLY CORD ... 31-32

BX45

IMPORTANT This microscope employs a UIS2/UIS (Universal Infinity System) optical design, and should be used only with UIS2/UIS eyepieces, objectives and condensers for the BX2 series. (Some of the modules designed for the BX series and objectives/eyepieces for the UIS series are also usable. For details, please consult Olympus or the catalogues.) Less than optimum performance may result if inappropriate accessories are used.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

@

Fig. 1

1. After the equipment has been used in an observation of a specimen that is accompanied with a potential of infection, clean the parts coming in contact with the specimen to prevent infection. · Moving this product is accompanied with the risk of dropping the specimen. Be sure to remove the specimen before moving this product. · In case the specimen is damaged by erroneous operation, promptly take the infection prevention measures. 2. Install the microscope on a sturdy, level table or bench so as not to block the air vents on the underside of the base. Do not place the microscope on a flexible surface, as this could result in blocking the air vents and cause overheating or a fire. 3. To prevent obstruction of the natural convection-based air cooling of the microscope, make sure to leave at least 10 cm of free space between walls or other objects, and the left, right and rear sides of the microscope and the lamp socket when installing the microscope. 4. To avoid potential shock hazards and burns when replacing the light bulb, set the main switch @ to “ ” (OFF) then disconnect the power cord from the wall outlet in advance. Whenever you replace the bulb during use or right after use, allow the lamp socket ² and bulb to cool before touching. (Figs 1 & 2) Designated bulb

² Fig. 2

6V30WHAL (PHILIPS 5761)

# The microscope also incorporate a fuse (this should be replaced by the manufacturer or authorized agent). 5. Always use the power cord provided by Olympus. If no power cord is provided, please select the proper power cord by referring to the section “PROPER SELECTION OF THE POWER SUPPLY CORD” at the end of this instruction manual. If the proper power cord is not used, product safety and performance cannot be guaranteed. 6. Always ensure that the grounding terminal of the microscope and that of the wall outlet are properly connected. If the equipment is not grounded/earthed, Olympus can no longer warrant the electrical safety and performance of the equipment. 7. Never insert metallic objects into the air vents of the microscope frame as this could result in electrical shock, personal injury and equipment damage. 8. The power cord may be melt by the heat of lamp socket if the cord comes in contact with it. Distribute the power cord at an enough distance from the lamp socket.

1

Safety Symbols The following symbols are found on the microscope. Study the meaning of the symbols and always use the equipment in the safest possible manner. Symbol

Explanation Indicates that the surface becomes hot, and should not be touched with bare hands. Before use, carefully read the instruction manual. Improper use could result in personal injury to the user and/or damage to the equipment.

l

Indicates that the main switch is ON.

Indicates that the main switch is OFF.

Warnings Warning engraving/stickers are placed at parts where special precaution is required when handling and using the microscope. Always heed the warnings. Warning engraving position

Lamp socket (Warning against high temperature)

Warning sticker position

Microscope frame rear panel (Warning against high temperature)

Should warning stickers become soiled, peeled off, etc., contact Olympus for replacement.

1

Getting Ready

Fig. 3

2

1. A microscope is a precision instrument. Handle it with care and avoid subjecting it to sudden or severe impact. 2. Do not use the microscope where it is subjected to direct sunlight, high temperature and humidity, dust or vibrations. (For the operating conditions, refer to section 6, “SPECIFICATIONS”.) 3. When moving the microscope, remove the specimen and modules that may drop during transport and carefully carry it with the grasping part on the rear of the arm and the base as shown in Fig. 3 (Weight: approx. 14 kg). # Damage to the microscope will occur if you grasp it by the stage, coarse/fine adjustment knob or binocular section of the observation tube. 4. The BX45 can be used with only one intermediate attachment.

BX45

2

Maintenance and Storage 1. To clean the lenses and other glass components, simply blow dirty away using a commercially available blower and wipe gently using a piece of cleaning paper (or clean gauze). If a lens is stained with fingerprints or oil smudges, wipe it gauze slightly moistened with commercially available absolute alcohol. Since the absolute alcohol is highly flammable, it must be handled carefully. Be sure to keep it away from open flames or potential sources of electrical sparks –– for example, electrical equipment that is being switched on or off. Also remember to always use it only in a well-ventilated room. 2. Do not attempt to use organic solvents to clean the microscope components other than the glass components. To clean them, use a lint-free, soft cloth slightly moistened with a diluted neutral detergent. 3. Do not disassemble any part of the microscope as this could result in malfunction or reduced performance. 4. When not using the microscope, keep it covered with a dust cover. 5. When disposing of the microscope. Check the regulations and rules of your local government and be sure to observe them.

3

Caution If the microscope is used in a manner not specified by this manual, the safety of the user may be imperiled. In addition, the equipment may also be damaged. Always use the equipment as outlined in this instruction manual. The following symbols are used to set off text in this instruction manual. : Indicates that failure to follow the instructions in the warning could result in bodily harm to the user and/or damage to equipment (including objects in the vicinity of the equipment). # : Indicates that failure to follow the instructions could result in damage to equipment. } : Indicates commentary (for ease of operation and maintenance).

This device complies with the requirements of directive 98/79/EC concerning in vitro diagnostic medical devices. CE marking means the conformity to the directive.

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. FCC WARNING: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

3

1 NOMENCLATURE }If you have not yet assembled the microscope, read section 8, “ASSEMBLY” (pages 28 to 30).

Interpupillary distance adjustment scale (Page 13)

Marker U-MARKER

Allen screwdriver (accommodation position) Diopter adjustment ring (Page 13) Condenser centering screws (accommodation positions) Slider insertion slot

Main switch (Page 1) Slide holder (Page 11) Voltage indicator LED

Light intensity preset switch (Page 8)

Aperture iris diaphragm ring (Page 16)

Light intensity preset adjustment screw (Page 8)

Turret (Page 5) Y-axis knob (Page 12)

X-axis knob (Page 12)

Brightness adjustment knob (Page 8) (Lamp voltage adjustment knob)

Field iris diaphragm ring (Page 15)

Coarse adjustment tension adjustment ring (Page 10)

Filter slider (Page 9)

4

BX45

Coarse adjustment knob (Page 10)

Top lens swing-out lever (Page 15)

Fine adjustment knob (Page 10) (Detachable)

Fine adjustment knob rubber cap (Page 10)

Pre-focusing lever (Page 10)

Turret

Condenser height adjustment knob (Page 15)

View when disassembled from the microscope frame. Aperture iris diaphragm (Page 16)

Phase contrast/darkfield ring mount (Pages 18 - 20)

Filter mount (Bottom side) (Page 9)

Mountable devices

Mountable filters (32 mm diameter)

Optical devices for phase contrast · BX45-PH1 · BX45-PH2 · BX45-PH3 Optical devices for darkfield · BX45-DFA

· 32C (provided), (32LBD)* · 32LND6 · 32LND25 · 32IF550 * Refer to Page 9 for precautions on use.

5

TRANSMITTED LIGHT BRIGHTFIELD OBSERVATION PROCEDURE }As the phase contrast, darkfield and simplified polarized light observations using transmitted light requires preparation using optical devices such as an analyzer or polarizer, they will additionally be detailed in section 4, “OBSERVATION”. (Controls Used)

(Page)

Set the main switch to “ I ” (ON) and adjust the brightness.

@Main switch ²Brightness adjustment knob

(P. 8)

Select the BF (brightfield) light path by turning the turret.

³Turret

Select the light path (trinocular tube).

|Light path selector knob

Place the specimen on the stage.

ƒSlide holder …X-/Y-axis knobs

(P. 11) (P. 12)

†Revolving nosepiece ‡Top lens swing-out lever

(P. 15)

ŠCoarse/fine adjustment knobs

(P. 10)

‰Binocular tube ‹Diopter adjustment ring ŒCondenser height adjustment knob ™Condenser centering screws

(P. 13) (P. 13) (P. 15)

Adjust the aperture iris and field iris diaphragms.

šAperture iris diaphragm ring ›Field iris diaphragm ring

(P. 16) (P. 15)

Engage the desired objective in the light path and bring the specimen in focus.

†Revolving nosepiece ‡Top lens swing-out lever

(P. 15)

Insert the required filters.

œFilters

(P. 9)

Adjust the brightness.

²Brightness adjustment knob

(P. 8)

Engage the 10X objective in the light path. Then engage the top lens in the light path.

Bring the specimen in focus.

Adjust the interpupillary distance. Adjust the diopter. Adjust the light axis.

Start observation.

6

(P. 15)

BX45

‹

| (Trinocular observation tube only) ™

‰ @ † ƒ

š

³ … ²

œ

›

Š ‡

Œ

} Copy the observation procedure pages on separate sheets and post it near your microscope.

7

USING THE CONTROLS 3-1 Base 1

Voltage Indication

(Fig. 4)

1. Turn the brightness adjustment knob @ clockwise to increase the voltage and make illumination brighter. 2. The numerals ² around the knob indicate the approximate voltage.

@

² Fig. 4

2

Using the Light Intensity Preset Switch

(Fig. 5)

}The light intensity preset switch @ makes it possible to limit the light intensity to a preselected level regardless of the position of the brightness adjustment knob. The light intensity preset switch has been set to about 4 V at the factory. 1. Press the light intensity preset switch @ to the ON position. (The face of the switch lights when it is ON.) 2. Using a small flat-blade screwdriver, turn the preset adjustment screw ² to obtain the required light intensity. Turning the screw clockwise increases brightness. 3. When the light intensity preset switch is set to OFF, the brightness returns to the level set by the brightness adjustment knob. }While the light intensity preset switch is ON, turning the brightness adjustment knob does not affect brightness.

@ ²

Fig. 5

3

Using the Filters

(Figs. 6 - 8)

}You can place a filter in the light path with either method. (Only the 32C daylight filter is provided with the microscope.) · Place a 32 mm diameter filter on the filter slider and engage it in the light path. (Page 9) · Insert up to three 32 mm diameter filters on the bottom side of the turret and turn to engage the filters in the light path. (Page 9)

8

BX45

@ ²

Mounting a Single Filter

One of the filters listed below can be engaged in the light path by inserting the filter @ in the filter slider ² and engaging the filter slider in the light path. Usable Filters

Fig. 6

(Fig. 6)

Applications

32LND6

For light brightness control, transmittance 6%

32LND25

For light brightness control, transmittance 25%

32C (provided), 32LBD

For daylight/color balancing

32IF550

For B&W contrast (Green)

Using the Turret (Fig. 7) }The top and bottom parts of the turret are integrated. Therefore, the filters to be mounted in the bottom part are determined by the aperture iris diaphragm positioning and optical devices inserted in the upper part.

³

|

: 32C, ND, (32LBD) : 32IF550 : None.

1. Loosen the turret clamping screw ³ using the Allen screwdriver, and pull out the turret |. 2. Place the turret upside down and remove the filter clamping ring ƒ by pushing its knob section. 3. Place the required filters and set the clamping ring ƒ to the original position by engaging it with three hooks …. (Fig. 8) }When an interference filter (32LBD or 32IF550) is used, flare or ghost may be observed. The flare or ghost may be reduced by inserting the interference filter in the filter slider and placing the ND filter in the turret.

Fig. 7

…

(Examples) · Aperture iris · Phase contrast (PH) · Darkfield (DFA)

ƒ

Fig. 8

9

3-2 Focusing Block # The stage of this microscope is set at a low position. Take care not to let your hand interfere with the stage when operating the coarse adjustment knob.

1

ƒ

³

|

Fig. 9

2

Fig. 10

3

Fig. 11

10

Adjusting the Coarse Adjustment Knob Tension

(Fig. 10)

# Adjust the coarse adjustment knob tension using the tension adjustment ring. The coarse adjustment knob tension is preadjusted for easy use. However, if desired, you can change the tension using the tension adjustment ring @. Turning the ring in the direction of the arrow increases tension, and vice versa. The tension is too low if the objective drops by itself or focus is quickly lost after adjustment with the fine adjustment knob. In this case, turn the ring in the direction of the arrow to increase tension.

@

@

(Fig. 9)

# The fine adjustment knob is attached to the right side when the microscope is shipped from the factory. }The fine adjustment knob is designed detachable to prevent interference with hand during manipulation of the X- and Y-axis knobs. Usually attach the knob on the opposite side to the X- and Y-axis knobs. 1. Pull and remove the rubber cap @ from the fine adjustment knob. 2. Using the Allen screwdriver, loosen the clamping screw ² and remove the fine adjustment knob ³. 3. Remove the seal from the fine adjustment knob screw hole on the other side and attach the knob by reversing the removal procedure. 4. Attach a provided seal on the screw hole ƒ of the fine adjustment dial |, from which the fine adjustment knob has been removed. }The fine adjustment dial | can be operated with your fingertip or finger surface at the same time as manipulating the X- and Y-axis knobs.

@

²

Replacing the Fine Adjustment Knob

Pre-focusing Lever

(Fig. 11)

}The pre-focusing lever ensures that the objective does not come in contact with the specimen and simplifies focusing. After focusing on the specimen with the coarse adjustment knob, turn this lever @ in the direction of the arrow and lock; the lower limit on coarse adjustment movement is set at the locked position. After changing a specimen, refocusing is easily accomplished by rotating the coarse adjustment knob to reach the pre-focused position, then making fine adjustments with the fine adjustment knob. }The objective’s vertical movement activated by the fine adjustment knob is not locked.

BX45

3-3 Stage 1

²

Placing the Specimen # The dimensions of the slide glass should be 26 x 76 mm with thickness of 0.9 to 1.4 mm, and the cover glass should have thickness of 0.17 mm. # When observing very large specimens, remove the slide holder and place the specimen directly on the stage. Microscopy with Double-Slide Holder (Fig. 12)

@ Fig. 12

1. Turn the coarse adjustment knob @ to raise the objective. 2. Open the spring-loaded curved finger ² on the slide holder and place one or two specimen slides on the stage from the front. 3. After placing the sides as far as they will go, gently release the curved finger. Microscopy with Single-Slide Holder (Fig. 13) The specimen side can easily be placed by sliding it into the slide holder from the front.

Fig. 13 Using an Oil Immersion Objective Adsorption of immersion oil can cause the specimen to drift. In such cases, it is recommended to use the optional BH2-SCB-3 specimen clip ³ for oil immersion objectives. (Fig. 14)

³ Fig. 14

11

2

Adjusting the X- and Y-Axis Knob Tension

(Fig. 15)

1. Hold the X-axis knob @ and slide up the Y-axis knob ² up to expose the adjustment knobs. 2. Turning the X-axis adjustment knob ³ or Y-axis adjustment knob | clockwise (in the direction of the arrow) increases the tension and counterclockwise decreases it. # If the tension is adjusted to tight, a creaking sound may be heard during stage travel, and the stage stopping accuracy may be imperiled.

² | ³ @ Fig. 15

CAUTION

After long hours of use, the stage guide may be deviated and the stage travel range may be decreased. However, this is not malfunction and can be corrected easily as described below.

[Treatment] Horizontal direction: Hold the specimen holder and move the stage guide to the left and right so that it hits the stoppers. Vertical direction: Hold the upper stage and move it to the front and rear so that it hits the stoppers. Rubber Caps for X- and Y-Axis Knobs (Optional) }When the X- and Y-axis knobs are fitted with the rubber caps, the knobs can be adjusted without slipping and fine adjustment is possible by holding the knobs with a very light force. The rubber caps also reduce fatigue after long hours of operation. The U-SHGT thick type (thickness 5 mm) and U-SHG thin type (thickness 2 mm) rubber caps are available. To attach the rubber caps: First fit the larger knob rubber to the Y-axis (upper) knob from below it, then fit the smaller knob rubber to the X-axis (lower) knob from below it.

3

Rotating the Stage

(Fig. 16)

1. Using the Allen screwdriver, slightly loosen the stage clamping screw @. 2. The stage can be rotated both clockwise and counterclockwise. # A click may be heard and felt during rotation. However, this is due to the construction of the substage and does not indicate a malfunction. }The angle of rotation varies depending on the X- and Y-axis knobs.

@

Angle of Rotation Clockwise

Counterclockwise

Right hand knobs

230°

20°

Left hand knobs

20°

230°

Fig. 16

12

BX45

3-4 Observation Tube 1

Adjusting the Interpupillar Distance

(Fig. 17)

While looking through the eyepieces, adjust for binocular vision until the left and right fields of view coincide completely. The index dot · indicates the interpupillary distance. }Note your interpupillary distance so that it can be quickly duplicated.

Fig. 17

@

2

Adjusting the Diopter

(Fig. 18)

1. Looking through the eyepiece without the diopter adjustment ring, rotate the coarse and fine adjustment knobs to bring the specimen into focus. 2. Looking through the eyepiece with the diopter adjustment ring, turn only the diopter adjustment ring @ to focus on the specimen.

Fig. 18

3

Using the Eye Shades

(Fig. 19)

When Wearing Eyeglasses Use with the eye shades in the normal, folded-down position. This will prevent the eyeglasses from being scratched. When Not Wearing Eyeglasses Extend the folded eye shades in the direction of the arrow to prevent extraneous light from entering between the eyepieces and eyes. Fig. 19

13

4 @

(Fig. 20)

When the WHN10X-H (or WHN10X) eyepieces are used, an eyepiece micrometer disk can be inserted in one of them. When the eyepiece does not have a diopter adjustment mechanism, however, it is hard to focus on the micrometer disk if the operator has poor eyesight. Should that be the case, adjust the focus with eyeglasses on. Use an eyepiece micrometer disk with a diameter of 24 mm and thickness of 1.5 mm. Following Fig. 11, turn the built-in micrometer-mounting frame ² counterclockwise to remove it from the eyepiece and place a micrometer disk.

²

Fig. 20

5

Fig. 21

Using Eyepiece Micrometer Disks

Adjusting the Tilt (with the U-TBI3)

(Fig. 21)

}Adjust the height and tilt of the observation tube to obtain the most comfortable viewing position. Holding the binocular section with both hands, raise or lower it to the desired position. # Never attempt to force the binocular section past the upper or lower stop position. Applying excessive force could destroy the limiting mechanism. # When the U-TBI3 is used, part of the peripheries of the field of view may become dark as the aperture iris diaphragm is stopped down to approximately the minimum aperture. # When the U-TBI3 widefield tilting binocular is used in combination with a U-EPA2 intermediate attachment, the light in the peripheral sections of the field may be dark. With the U-ETBI/U-TTBI (Fig. 22) The U-ETBI and U-TTBI are ergonomic observation tubes with normal field, capable of the tilting adjustment as well as the adjustment of the eyepiece position toward the front and rear (by 45 mm). The U-ETBI is the erect image model and the U-TTBI is the inverted image model, and both models are of the same size.

Fig. 22

14

BX45

3-5 Condenser 1

Centering the Condenser

(Figs. 23 - 25)

1. Turn the condenser height adjustment knob @ to raise the condenser to its upper limit, then use the top lens swing-out lever ² move the top lens into the light path. 2. Focus on the specimen using the 10X objective. 3. Rotate the field iris diaphragm ring ³ in the direction of the arrow so that the diaphragm image comes inside the field of view. 4. Manipulate the condenser height adjustment knob @ to focus on the diaphragm image. 5. Insert the two condenser centering screws | into the condenser centering thread holes (below the marking) and turn the screws to move the iris diaphragm image to the center of the field of view. 6. Gradually open the field iris diaphragm. The condenser is properly centered if the iris image is centered and inscribed in the field of view. 7. During actual use, open the field diaphragm slightly until its image circumscribes the field of view. }After completing the condenser centration, store the centering screws in the accommodation positions on the right side of the microscope frame (page 4) so as not to lose them.

²

@ Fig. 23

| ³ Fig. 24

Effects of Field Iris Diaphragm (Fig. 25) The field iris diaphragm restricts the diameter of the beam of light entering the objective and thus excludes extraneous light, improving image contrast. The diameter of the field iris should e adjusted for objective power to the extent that it just circumscribes the field of view. (See “Compatibility of Objectives and Condensers” on the next page.) }With the 100X objective, the field iris diaphragm image cannot be observed unless the iris diaphragm is minimized. With the 4X objective, maximize the iris diaphragm to observe it.

Fig. 25

15

Aperture Iris Diaphragm (Figs. 26 & 27)

Aperture iris diaphragm image

70-80% 30-20%

Objective pupil

Fig. 26

²

@

· The aperture iris diaphragm determines the numerical aperture of the illumination system. Matching the numerical aperture of the illumination system with that of the objective provides better image resolution and contrast, and also increases the depth of focus. · Since the contrast of microscope specimens is ordinarily low, setting the condenser aperture iris diaphragm to between 70% and 80% of the N.A. of the objective in use is usually recommended. If necessary, adjust the ratio by removing the eyepiece and looking into the eyepiece sleeve while adjusting the aperture iris diaphragm ring @ until the image shown in Fig. 26 is seen. }Using the numerical aperture scale: Set the condenser numerical aperture scale to about 80% of the NA value ² of the respective objective. (Fig. 27) Example: With the UPlanFLN40X (NA 0.75), set the scale to 0.75 x 0.8 = 0.6.

N.A. scale

Fig. 27

2

Compatibility of Objectives and Condensers Objective Magnification 1.25X - 4X*

BX45 Condenser Applicable by swing the top lens out.

4X -60X Applicable by engaging the top lens in the light path. 100X * When using a 4X or lower-power objective, fully open the condenser aperture iris diaphragm and use the field iris diaphragm in the base as aperture diaphragm. With the 1.25X to 2X objectives, the peripheral sections of the field of view may be dark but observation is still possible. }If you want objectives for cytological observation, please purchase the PlanN10XCY and PlanN series objectives or the PlanFLN10XCY and UPlanFLN series objectives.

16

BX45

3-6 Immersion Objectives # Be sure to use the provided Olympus Immersion oil.

1

Fig. 28

Using Immersion Objectives

(Fig. 28)

1. Focus on the specimen with objectives in the order of lower-power to higher-power ones. 2. Before engaging the immersion objective, place a drop of provided immersion oil onto the specimen at the area to be observed. 3. Turn the revolving nosepiece to engage the immersion objective, then focus using the fine adjustment knob. # Since air bubbles in the oil will affect the image quality, make sure that the oil is free of bubbles. a. To check for bubbles, remove the eyepiece and fully open the field and aperture iris diaphragms, then look at the exit pupil of the objective inside the observation tube. (The pupil should appear round and bright.) b. To remove bubbles, turn the revolving nosepiece to repeatedly defocus and refocus the oil immersion objective. # With this condenser, do not use immersion oil in the space between the top lens and specimen. 4. After use, remove immersion oil from the objective front lens by wiping with gauze slightly moistened with absolute alcohol. Caution in use of immersion oil If immersion oil enters your eyes or contacts with your skin, immediately take the following treatment. Eyes: Rinse with fresh water (for 15 minutes or more). Skin: Rinse with water and soap. If the appearance of the eyes or skin is altered or pain persists, immediately see your doctor.

3-7 Objectives with Correction Collar }If the cover glass thickness is not 0.17 mm, the objectives cannot manifest their performances. If a correction collar equipped objective is used in this case, the difference in thickness can be compensated for by adjusting the collar. Adjustment Procedure

@

Fig. 29

· If the cover glass thickness is known, set the correction collar @ to that value. (Fig. 29) · If the cover glass thickness is unknown, adjust the correction collar @ and fine adjustment knob alternately until the positioning with the highest resolution is obtained. # Be careful not to touch the correction collar @ when turning the revolving nosepiece.

17