RENOPLUS-6 Operating and Maintenance Manual Version 1.0

RENOPLUS-6 WATER TREATMENT PLANT ROYAL PERTH HOSPITAL OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL SECTION 1 GENERAL REVERSE OSMOSIS PROCESS Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a membrane process that acts as a molecular filter to remove 95 - 99% of dissolved salts and organics, and more than 98% of biological and colloidal matter from water. Osmosis and reverse osmosis depend on the characteristics of a semi - permeable membrane, which allows water to pass readily but retards the flow of dissolved salts. Osmosis is a natural process in which pure water flows through a membrane from a dilute solution to more concentrated solution thereby diluting the latter. In reverse osmosis the osmotic pressure of the system is overcome by applying an external pressure. Thus the flow of water is reversed and pure water is removed from the feed solution, leaving a more concentrated salt solution. The process water flow in reverse osmosis desalination systems can be divided into 3 basic streams. 1)

Feed - the filtered raw water supplied to the machine.

2) Permeate - the purified water produced by forcing the feed through the semi- permeable membranes. 3)

Reject - the discarded waste water containing the concentrated salts removed from the feed water.

These bold terms will be used frequently throughout this manual. A flow schematic of the reverse osmosis process is as follows.

Feed Water

R.O. Membrane

Permeate Water

High Pressure Feed Pump Reject Water

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

The major factors affecting the operation of a reverse osmosis system include the following: Feed Water Salinity As the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) level in the feed water rises the feed pressure requirement also rises. A higher feed pressure in turn usually results in higher rejection of the dissolved salts (ie the proportion of salts passing through the membrane into the permeate stream). Feedwater Temperature The reverse osmosis process is greatly affected by temperature. Designs are normally based on 25ºC. As feed water temperature falls below this, the permeate flowrate drops. For a true membrane performance analysis, the raw results from the R.O. system must be normalised to a standard temperature. Recovery Rate The recovery rate is the term used to describe the volume of permeate recovered as a proportion of the total feed water supplied to the machine and is expressed as a percentage. For example, if the feed flow to the machine was 60 litres per minute and the permeate flow was 27 litres per minute then the recovery rate would be (27/60 x 100%) or 45%. With multistage centrifugal main system pumps, the recovery rate can vary widely with the system pressure. It also can vary widely with the age of the membranes, the temperature and salinity of the feed water. Increasing the recovery rate reduces the amount of water wasted and also improves the power efficiency of the unit. It is important that the recovery rate is not increased above the recommended maximum set out in the Operating Specifications, or irreversible fouling of the R.O. system can occur.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER TREATMENT PLANT ROYAL PERTH HOSPITAL OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL SECTION 2 PLANT DESCRIPTION The Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment Plant is enclosed in a steel enclosure, with the break tank and pressure pump, Multi Media Filter, Softener and Carbon Filter pre-treatment equipment separately installed. The equipment generally consists of the following: 1.

2.

3.

Multimedia Filter Quantity Diameter Maker Model No. Height Material Accessories

Softener Quantity Diameter Maker Model No. Height Material Accessories

Carbon Filter Quantity Diameter Maker Model No. Height Material Accessories

: : : : : : : : :

1 406mm (16”) Osmoflo AM400 1800mm FRP Magnum control valve 952 Impulse timer bypass valve

: : : : : : : : :

1 each 406mm (16”) Osmoflo AS400 1800mm FRP Magnum control valve 952 Impulse timer bypass valve

: : : : : : : : :

2 each 406mm (16”) Osmoflo AC400 1800mm FRP Magnum control valve 952 Impulse timer bypass valve

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Filter Feed Pump Quantity Type Maker Model No. Material Duty Flow Duty Head Motor

: : : : : : : :

1 Multistage centrifugal Grundfos CHI 4-60 316 stainless steel wetted parts 3500 L/hr 400 kPa 1.2kW, 415V, 50Hz

UV Steriliser Quantity Type Housing Material Sleeve Material

: : : :

1 VF-9 SS 316 Stainless Steel Quartz glass

Cartridge Filter (5 micron) Quantity Type Housing Material Cartridge Filter Rating

: : : : :

1 20” Big Blue Housing Polypropylene Wound Polypropylene 5-micron nominal

Cartridge Filter (1 micron) Quantity Type Housing Material Cartridge Filter Rating

: : : : :

1 20” Big Blue Housing Polypropylene Wound Polypropylene 1-micron nominal

: : : : : : : : : :

2 (1 for each stage of RO) Multistage centrifugal Grundfos CRNE 3-29 Stainless steel wetted parts 1600 L/hr (stage 1) 950 L/hr (stage 2) 1200 kPa (typical) 2.2KW, 415V, 50Hz Variable speed drive

High Pressure Feed Pumps Quantity Type Maker Model No. Material Duty Flow Duty Head Motor Accessories

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

9.

10.

11.

12.

Reverse Osmosis Block Pressure Vessel Quantity Array type Membrane Manufacturer Membrane Model No. Membrane Quantity Feed Flow stage 1 Permeate Flow stage 1 Reject Flow stage 1 Recovery stage 1 Feed Flow stage 2 Permeate Flow stage 2 Reject Flow stage 2 Recovery stage 2

: : : : : : : : : : : : : :

12 6 vessels in series stage 1 6 vessels in series stage 2 DOW Filmtec BW 30-4040 12 1650 L/hr 1138 L/hr 512 L/hr 69% 1138 L/hr 1080 L/hr 58 L/hr 95%

Storage Tank Quantity Type Capacity Material Accessories

: : : : :

1 Fully sealed conical base 200 Litres 316 stainless steel Vent filter, vacuum breaker sprayball, high, low, low/low level switches

Recirculation Pump Quantity Type Maker Model No. Material Duty Flow Duty Head Motor

: : : : : : : :

1 Multistage centrifugal Grundfos CHI 4-60 316 stainless steel wetted parts 3500 L/hr 400 kPa 1.2kW, 415V, 50Hz

Heater Quantity Type Housing Material Element Material Power

: : : : :

1 Immersion element 316 stainless steel Incolloy 900 15 kW, 415VAC

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER TREATMENT PLANT ROYAL PERTH HOSPITAL OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL SECTION 3 PROCESS DESCRIPTION The water treatment system offered here is a two-stage reverse osmosis (RO) design, ie the treated water from the first stage of reverse osmosis is then fed into a second stage of reverse osmosis for even higher purification. With this RO process the overall level of salts dissolved in the feed water and bacteria levels are reduced to a very low level, well within the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia for Water for Diluting Concentrated Haemodialysis Solutions 1992 and also AAMI (1993a). The system proposed has been designed to be fully automatic and will give many years of operation with a minimum of maintenance. A more detailed description of all the components making up the system is given below. To increase the efficiency and life of a reverse osmosis system, effective pretreatment of the feedwater is required. Selection of the correct pretreatment will maximise the efficiency and membrane life by minimising: Fouling Scaling Membrane Degradation The net result of the above will be the optimisation of: Product Flow Salt Rejection (ie what percentage of salt in the feedwater has been removed) Product Recovery (ie what percentage of feed flow is converted to product) Operating Costs The comprehensive pretreatment package for this plant includes the following. Multi Media Filter The Multi Media Filter is for the removal of “suspended solids” and to reduce any colloidal material that can be present in the raw water supply. The unit offered here is 16” diameter for effective filtration There is a fully automatic backwashing cycle. This backwash will be programmed to occur at times of low demand to minimise disruption to the plant output. Adequate flow is required in the mains water for backwashing of this filter.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

Softener The softener is for removal of hardness salts which would cause scaling to occur in the reject stream of the reverse osmosis plant. Scaling of a reverse osmosis membrane may occur when sparingly soluble salts are concentrated within the membranes beyond their solubility limit. For example, if a reverse osmosis plant is operated at 50% recovery, the concentration in the reject stream will be double the concentration in the feed stream. The higher the recovery of a plant is, the higher the risk of precipitation (scaling) occurring. In a reverse osmosis system the most common salts that are likely to precipitate are CaSO4 and CaCO3. When the feed water is softened, the Ca++ and Mg++ ions are effectively removed, eliminating scaling as a potential problem. The unit offered here is 16” in diameter and has a fully automatic regeneration cycle. This regeneration cycle will be programmed to occur at times of low demand to minimise disruption to the plant output. Activated Carbon Filters The carbon filters are for removal of residual chlorine, organic matter, colour and trace pollutants. Chlorine in particular must be efficiently removed prior to the RO system to prevent oxidation of the membranes. These units are16” diameter and have a fully automatic backwashing cycle. This backwash will be programmed to occur at times of low demand to minimise disruption to the plant output. Adequate flow is required in the mains water for backwashing of this filter. Ultraviolet Disinfection System To prevent a common problem of biological fouling of the membrane elements, an ultraviolet disinfection system has been included as part of the pre-treatment. This will extend the life of the membranes and result in a smoother operating system. Cartridge Filters The cartridge filters are a safety device to protect the membranes and highpressure pump from suspended solids. Raw water after pretreatment will be pumped to the cartridge guard filters. The first is rated at 5 micron nominal, followed by a 1 micron nominal for removal of fine solids and residual colloids. The cartridge filter is made of corrosion resistant polypropylene. Cartridge filters are usually replaced every 1-3 months on a routine basis. High Pressure Feed Pumps The feed pumps for the RO membranes are a multistage centrifugal type. The design discharge pressure for each stage is approximately 1200 kPa. Safety features for the pump include a low pressure sensor on the suction side. The capacity of the high pressure feed pumps is controlled via a variable speed drive (for each pump) which ensures precise and reliable operation of the RO system.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

Reverse Osmosis Block The RO system consists of 2 stages, each with 6 vessels in series. In each stage the concentrate stream leaving the first vessel then becomes feedwater for the second vessel and so on. The permeate from each vessel is then manifolded together in a common line. The permeate from the first stage of RO is then fed directly to the suction of the second stage of RO. These vessels are 100mm diameter and approximately 1 metres long, each containing a single element. The performance of the RO block is monitored by flowmeters on the permeate and reject streams. These flowmeters are a turbine type made of chemically resistant plastic. The recovery of the system is continually monitored by the ratio of the permeate flow to the feed flow, and displayed . A conductivity monitor is included for the RO permeate stream in both stages 1 and 2. This feeds directly into the PLC controller to advise if the conductivity falls within preset quality limits. Another conductivity monitor is located in the feed stream to determine the rejection characteristics of the RO membranes. Storage Tank This is a specially designed tank for storage of the permeate water from the RO membranes, as well as the recirculated water from the distribution loop. The tank is made of 316SS and has a conical shape to minimise dead volume. High, low and low/low level switches feed to the RO unit to ensure the level in the storage tank is always sufficient to meet the needs of the ward and loop. The tank is fully sealed with a sterile air vent filter located on the top. To prevent damage to the tank, a vacuum breaker valve and also a pressure relief valve are fitted. Recirculation Pump This pump delivers the treated water to the distribution pipework. At all times this pump is running, even during times when dialysis is not required, to ensure a high velocity and constant flow of the treated water to minimise bacterial buildup. These pumps are also used for the heat disinfection of the distribution pipework. Heater An in-line heater is installed in the ward loop for heating the water during heat disinfection. The heater is an immersion type with 3 individual elements within a stainless steel housing. The element material is Incolloy 900, found to be extremely resistant to corrosion after many cycles of heating and cooling.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

Automatic Control System A microprocessor-based control system has been selected which will provide fully automatic operation during normal procedure. The RO system will start and stop depending on the level in the storage tank, and also on a number of alarms. These alarms include low pump pressure (on HP pump) and high permeate conductivity. Included in the system is an automatic flush cycle for routine purging of the system lines. This is activated at a preset interval after shutdown, and is designed to reduce the chance of bacteria build-up. Also included is an automatic heat disinfection cycle, whereby the storage tank contents are heated to a known temperature (about 85°C) and recirculated through the distribution pipework. This can be performed at preset intervals, either automatically or manually via the touch-screen. For chemical disinfection of the distribution loop pipework and fittings, the non-return valve on the top of the storage tank can be removed to allow addition of a known amount of chemical to the tank contents. This should not be necessary as the Heat disinfection has been found to be the most reliable means of disinfection. The control system is designed for ease of use, with as many automatic features as possible. A key feature of this system is the touch-screen interface panel, whereby all necessary functions of the plant can be monitored easily. All alarms of the system are logged automatically and operational status of equipment is easily identified.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER TREATMENT PLANT ROYAL PERTH HOSPITAL OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

SECTION 4 DESCRIPTION OF CONTROLS

4.1

Control Panel Description

Main ON/OFF Switch - Latching switch on side of the control panel is for power isolation. This switch is not intended for routine switching on/off of the R.O. system, but rather as a main power isolator during maintenance periods. Emergency Stop - This red pushbutton will completely isolate the electrical controls of the system in cases of emergencies. RO#1 / RO-RO / RO#2 Selector Switch - Selector switch that sets the system into the desired system function. In RO-RO mode the system operates in a two-stage RO manner as detailed above with fully automatic operation. When RO#1 mode is selected, treated water is produced only via the first RO stage and the second RO stage of the plant is bypassed. Likewise when RO#2 mode is selected, treated water is produced only via the second RO stage and the first RO stage of the plant is bypassed. Reset Pushbutton - This red button will flash when a fault has occurred with the system. If the fault has corrected itself, the system will continue to operate as normal, however the red button will flash to indicate a fault occurred. Pressing the reset button will remove the fault, and it will no longer appear in the active alarm box. Touch-Screen - This is the interface to the PLC and control system, displaying all of the operating parameters and system status information.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2

General Control Philosophy

The plant basically operates for most of the day between Service and Standby modes. In service mode the storage tank is filled with treated water. Under normal daytime operation when the storage tank is filled, the system goes into Standby mode if water is no longer required. The other operation cycles occur in different circumstances as required. Flush, Backwashing and Heat disinfection cycles all occur at preset intervals during the lockout period at night when the treated water is not required. Temperature dump cycle purely acts as a means of reducing the temperature in the distribution loop in case of constant recirculation and also at the end of a heat disinfection cycle.

The RO has 9 modes of operation: 1. RO/RO Service 2. RO #1 Service 3. RO #2 Service 4. Shutting Down 5. Standby 6. Flush 7. Heat Disinfection 8. Temperature Dump 9. Pre-filtration Backwash 10. Critical fault 4.2.1 RO/RO Service 1)

2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

7)

8)

At Storage tank Low level switch (LS02) opening for 3 seconds, the RO enters RO/RO service mode, provided that the RO is not already in service mode and it hasn’t been locked out due to RO Disable, Pre-filtration backwashing, e/stop, nurses panel e/stop or Critical fault. RO mode selector switch is in the RO/RO position Pre-filtration filters are in service mode RO inlet valves V02A and V02B are opened and the permeate dump valve V05 is opened. 2 seconds later the RO#1HP pump begins to ramp up to its set-point speed/capacity (C1). When the RO#2 HP pump inlet pressure has risen to 2 times the setpoint (C2) value then the RO#2 HP pump begins after a 2 second delay to ramp up and control to the setpoint (C2) pressure. The Permeate dump valve remains open for a set 20 seconds from start up of service and remains open if the Product conductivity has not dropped below the Alarm setpoint (A12). During service if the permeate conductivity goes above the Alarm setpoint (A12) then a warning will be raised and the Permeate dump valve (V05) is opened. If the conductivity has not gone below the setpoint after 1 hr then an alarm is raised.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2.2 RO #1 Service 1)

At Storage tank Low level switch (LS02) opening for 3 seconds the RO enters RO #1 service mode, provided that the RO is not already in service mode and it hasn’t been locked out due to RO Disable, Pre-filtration backwashing, e/stop, nurses panel e/stop or Critical fault. 2) RO mode selector switch is in the RO #1 position 3) Pre-filtration filters are in service mode 4) RO#1 inlet valve V02A, RO#2 bypass valve V16B and the permeate dump valve V05 are opened. 5) 2 seconds later the RO #1 HP pump begins to ramp up to its set-point speed/capacity (C1). 9) The Permeate dump valve remains open for a set 20 seconds from start up of service and remains open if the Product conductivity has not dropped below the Alarm setpoint (A12). 10) During service if the permeate conductivity goes above the Alarm setpoint (A12) then a warning will be raised and the Permeate dump valve (V05) is opened. If the conductivity has not gone below the setpoint after 1 hr then an alarm is raised.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2.3 RO #2 Service 1)

At Storage tank Low level switch (LS02) opening for 3 seconds the RO enters service mode, provided that the RO is not already in service mode and it hasn’t been locked out due to RO Disable, Pre-filtration backwashing, e/stop, nurses panel e/stop or Critical fault. 2) RO mode selector switch is in the RO #2 position 3) Pre-filtration filters are in service mode 4) RO#2 inlet valve V02B, RO#1 bypass valve V16A and the permeate dump valve V05 are opened. 5) 2 seconds later the RO#2 HP pump begins to ramp up to its new set-point speed/capacity (C1) using FT02 for PID loop control. 11) The Permeate dump valve remains open for a set 20 seconds from start up of service and remains open if the Product conductivity has not dropped below the Alarm setpoint (A12). 12) During service if the permeate conductivity goes above the Alarm setpoint (A12) then a warning will be raised and the Permeate dump valve (V05) is opened. If the conductivity has not gone below the setpoint after 1 hr then an alarm is raised. NOTE:

RO selection modes can be changed at any time. When a new selection is made the RO shutsdown for 5 seconds and then restarts in the selected mode.

4.2.2 Shutting Down 1)

2) 3) 4)

Shutting Down is initiated by the treated water tank high level switch (LS01) opening for 3 seconds, Pre-filtration filter backwash switch closing, Nurses station E/stop, RO Disable and Critical Fault HP pump/s de-energise and ramps down over 5 seconds System valves close 5 seconds after HP pump/s run signal has stopped. Loop recirculation pump remains running.

4.2.3 Standby 1) 2)

All RO valves and pumps are de-energised Loop recirculation pump remains running.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2.4 Flush 1)

The flush cycle only occurs when the RO has been in standby for the setpoint (C15) interval. It can not occur while the Pre-filtration is backwashing or the RO is Disabled.

RO/RO Flush a)

b) c)

RO#1 enters service with RO#2 inlet valve (V02B), RO#2 Reject flush valve (V04) and the Permeate dump valve (V05) open. “RO#2 Flush” is displayed The flush continues for the setpoint (C16) period. RO#1 HP pump de-energises and RO#1 Reject Flush valve (V04A) opens. All other valves remain as they are. “RO#1 Flush” is displayed.

RO#1 Flush The RO#1 inlet valve (V02A), RO#1 Reject flush valve (V04A) and the Permeate dump valve (V05) open. RO#2 Flush The RO#2 inlet valve (V02B), RO#2 Reject flush valve (V04B) and the Permeate dump valve (V05) open. 2) 3) 4)

The flush continues for the setpoint (C16) period. All valves return to their normal positions 5 seconds later. During a flush the RO can be called into service. This will cancel the flush and the valves will go to normal service start up positions.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2.5 Heat Disinfection Heat Disinfection cycle is a safeguard against build up of bacteria in the distribution loop. If the Heat Disinfection cycle has started and is then faulted, a Heat Disinfect Not Completed warning will be raised. 1) 2)

3) 4) 5) 6)

7) 8)

9)

Heat Disinfection can not occur during the Lock Out setpoint (C17,18) period. Service mode is activated until the Storage tank is at high level (LS01). The RO is stopped from filling the Storage tank again until the Heat disinfection has ended. Re-circulation pump must be healthy and energised. If the pump is faulted then the Disinfection will Fault. In-line heater is energised and controlled via PLC-control to a set point (C24) Temperature with a -2 degC differential. The heater is controlled at the setpoint (C24) for a duration of setpoint (C25) hours. After the setpoint (C25) duration, the in-line heater is de-energised and normal operation begins, i.e. Service mode will be initiated. At this point it is expected the Temperature dump cycle will take over to reduce the loop temperature below the control set-point (C19). The Heat Disinfection cycle can be initiated automatically every setpoint (C20) day and setpoint time (C21,22) or Manually triggered. If the Heat Disinfection cycle is not complete after 4 hours or before the start of the lockout period(C17), then a fault will be registered (heat disinfection timeout alarm) and the system continues as if the mode had been completed successfully. This also applies for any fault to the Heat Disinfection cycle for whatever reason. During Heat Disinfection it is possible for the softener to regenerate and media and carbon filters to backwash as these do not interfere with the distribution loop in any way.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2.6 Temperature Dump This cycle is to ensure the temperature in the distribution loop does not exceed a preset maximum value, which can cause damage to downstream equipment. This mode can occur at any time during the day accept if the RO is not able to go into service mode and the plant is in Heat disinfection. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

When the Loop temperature (TT01) reaches the Temperature Dump Setpoint (C19). The Recirculation pumps remain energised through the entire process. Storage tank drain valve V07 is energised to open The RO enters service mode with the Permeate dump valve V05 open. When the Storage tank Low level switch (LS02) opens the Storage tank drain valve V07 closes. The RO remains in Service Mode and the permeate dump valve V05 closes to refill the storage tank back to high level (LS01). This cycle continues until the loop temperature has dropped below the dumping setpoint (C19).

4.2.7 Pre-filtration Backwashing, Regeneration 1) 2) 3)

4)

5) 6) 7)

Pre-filtration backwashing, regenerating can not occur during the lock out period. When the setpoint day and setpoint time have been reached for the filter it will start its backwashing, regeneration cycle. When Backwashing. Regeneration is requested the Storage tank is to be full with the High Level switch (LS01) open before allowing the Filter to proceed. If the High Level switch (LS01) is Closed in the low position and the RO is not in service then Service mode will be initiated to fill the Storage tank. When the Storage tank is full Service mode is stopped and the Filter may proceed. If backwashing, regenerating is initiated during Service the Filter waits for the Storage tank to reach high level (LS01) and then the RO enters Standby and NO interval flushing. A 15 min signal is sent to the filter to be Backwashed. A signal is sent back from the filter to confirm backwashing, regenerating in progress. The RO resumes normal operation 20 seconds after signal has gone.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2.8 Critical Fault 1)

If a Critical alarm is raised to shut down the Plant, all drives are deenergised and actuated valves are de-energised immediately. If a specific section alarm is raised then only the faulted section will shutdown. Reset has to be pressed to restart plant. If the storage tank low-low level alarm is active after attempting to auto restart, it will stop the plants operation. The reset button is required to be pressed to start the RO for a 5 minute period. If at the end of 1 minute the storage tank has not gone above low/low level then the reset can be pressed again for another 5 minute cycle. When LS02 is closed auto operation continues.

2) 3) 4)

4.2.9 System Lockout Period A lockout period is required to stop any normal system maintenance modes from stopping water production. The lock out is generally set between the hours of 05:00 and 23:00. These times can be changed through the control setpoints (C17,18). A fixed lockout period (6am – 8pm) is used to stop unrealistic values being entered. This means that the Lockout period can not be set to finish before 8pm and can not start after 6am. Modes that are stopped from occurring: -

MM backwashing Softener Regenerating Carbon backwashing Heat Disinfection

4.2.10 Filter Feed Pump The Filter Feed pump operates according to the pressure switch (PS01). At the setpoint high pressure (contact opens) the pump will de-energise. When the Ps01 contact closes the pump will energise. The pump is protected from dry running by a Break tank low-low level switch (LS04), when the contact is closed the pump can run. 4.2.11 High Pressure Feed Pumps The capacity of the high pressure feed pump is controlled via its integral variable speed drive. The speed of the HP pump is determined by the feed flowmeter (FIT01) using PID parameters in the PLC until the feed flow setpoint (C1) is achieved.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2.12 Loop Recirculation Pump The recirculation pump operates continuously as long as the storage tank lowlow level switch (LS03) is closed and there are no critical faults. 4.2.13 Loop Recirculation Heater The Loop Heater operates only during Heat Disinfection as long as the storage tank low-low level switch (LS03) is closed and there are no critical faults. The Heater is also protected by a bimetallic over temp switch (TS01) which stops the Heat Disinfection cycle. 4.2.14 Remote Nurses Panel The Nurses Station can be used to shut the plant down in a emergency by pushing the red mute button for 5 seconds. This trips the E/stop relay and the whole plant will stop. An alarm is raised if this takes place. The green light is displayed whenever the RO is Healthy. The red light is displayed constantly for any fault with the RO. When the red flashing light goes off and the green light is on then the water is ready to supply the dialysis units. The yellow light is displayed only when the plant is in heat disinfect mode and will flash if the unit is in temperature dump mode. The nurses can stop the heat disinfect by pressing a button on the station which will allow them to start dialysing if required. A nurse station is required to have the following display and control. -

Green light for RO running Red light for RO Fault Yellow light for Heat Disinfect Active/ Flashing for Temperature Dump Buzzer for audible alarm Push button for audible alarm mute/ Remote E/stop Push button for Heat disinfect interrupt

4.2.15 Multi Media Filter The Media filters uses a Autotrol Magnum valve head with a 952 impulse timer. The valve head requires a constant 24VAC supply and a 15minute 24VAC trigger pulse for activation of the backwash cycle. The filter will typically be in Filtration mode for 23.5 hours per day and only 0.5 hours per day in Backwash mode. The filter also sends a signal back as a indication that it has started backwashing. The Day and time of Backwashing is selectable through setpoints (C3,C4,C5).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0

4.2.16 Softener Filter The Softener uses a Autotrol Magnum valve head with a 952 impulse timer. The valve head requires a constant 24VAC supply and a 15minute 24VAC trigger pulse for activation of the Regeneration cycle. The filter will typically be in Filtration mode for 23.5 hours per day and only 0.5 hours per day in Regeneration mode. The filter also sends a signal back as a indication that it has started backwashing. The Day and time of Regenerating is selectable through setpoints (C6,C7,C8). 4.2.17 Activated Carbon Filters The Carbon filters uses a Autotrol Magnum valve heads with a 952 impulse timer. The valve head requires a constant 24VAC supply and a 15minute 24VAC trigger pulse for activation of the backwash cycle. The filter will typically be in Filtration mode for 23.5 hours per day and only 0.5 hours per day in Backwash mode. The filter also sends a signal back as a indication that it has started backwashing. The Day and time of Backwashing is selectable for each filter through setpoints (C9,C10,C11,C12,C13,C14). 4.2.18 Power Failure Restart If power is lost to the plant, the system will restart after a delay of 3 minutes to allow system pressures to stabilise. All alarms are reset after the 3 minute delay unless they are still active. 4.2.19 Autodialler The Auto Dialler is installed for instant Critical Alarm attention. This system stores up to 6 phone numbers which are dialled in order from 1 – 6 until the alarm has been accepted. On a Critical alarm, a pre-recorded message will give plant identification and instructions to accept the alarm. The Dialler can be disabled or tested via the Touchscreen. Every day at midnight power is cycled to the dialler and modem to reset the units if a comms/ unit fault has occurred. The Dialler is set up as a fail safe unit, so it will dial on PLC fault.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Royal Perth Hospital RENOPLUS-6 Operating & Maintenance Manual Ver 1.0