Savina Alarm Messages Sw 2.0

Alarm Messages 2.

Ventilation monitoring

The measured value of the expiratory pressure sensor Pexp(t) exceeds the value of the upper airway pressure limit Paw-high.

Suppression: 1.

After a cold start and 15 s afterwards (only alarm).

2.

During standby and 15 s afterwards (only alarm).

Reaction: 1.

Generation of event "Paw stenosis 1" (warning "!!! Airway pressure high").

2.

Transmission of event "Paw stenosis 1" to ventilation control to stop inspiration.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Resetting: 1.

As soon as next inspiration starts (= start of inspiration flow).

2.

Five seconds after occurrence of alarm cause.

3.

Value decreases below alarm limit by 5 mbar (ventilation control only).

4.

If a measured value becomes invalid, the detected condition will not be restored as a result.

5.

Second pressure limit (Paw high + 5 mbar)

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Second pressure limit (Paw high + 5 mbar) Cause: 1.

The patient fights the ventilator or is coughing.

2.

The inspiration tube is kinked or obstructed.

3.

One or both pressure sensor(s) deliver(s) too high a measured value.

4.

Pressure source delivers incorrect pressure.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Detection: 1.

The measured value of the inspiratory pressure sensor Pinsp(t) exceeds the value of the upper airway pressure limit Paw-high + offset for more than 200 ms.

2.

The measured value of the expiratory pressure sensor Pexp(t) exceeds the value of the upper airway pressure limit Paw-high for more than 200 ms.

3.

The measured value of the inspiratory pressure sensor Pinsp(t) exceeds the value of the upper airway pressure limit Paw-high + offset(t) +5 mbar for more than 50 ms.

4.

The measured value of the expiratory pressure sensor Pexp(t) exceeds the value of the upper airway pressure limit Paw-high +5 mbar for more than 50 ms.

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Alarm Messages 5.

Ventilation monitoring

The input value "Paw (SiSW)" shows an error.

Suppression: 1.

After a cold start and 15 s afterwards (only alarm).

2.

During standby and 15 s afterwards (only alarm).

Reaction: 1.

Generation of event "Paw stenosis 2" (warning "!!! Airway pressure high").

2.

Transmission of event "Paw stenosis 2" to ventilation control in order to relieve the lungs or to open the electrical safety valve.

3.

Detection 5: Alarm only.

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R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Resetting: 1.

When airway pressure reaches 5 mbar (relief successful), but at the earliest after 500 ms.

2.

Five seconds after occurrence of event cause.

3.

Detection 5: The input value "Paw (SiSW)" does no longer show an error.

4.

If a measured value becomes invalid, the detected condition will not be restored as a result.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Lower airway pressure limit Cause: 1.

The hose system or one of the hoses is disconnected or leaky.

2.

The measured value delivered by the expiratory pressure sensor is too low.

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R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Detection: 1.

In all ventilation modes with a PEEPsetting of at least 3 mbar: If the airway pressure Pexp(t) measured with the expiratory pressure sensor is below the set PEEP, then the difference between the PEEPsetting and Pexp(t) is integrated in a summation memory (limited to 4.5 mbar). An alarm is given when the value in the summation memory exceeds 22.5 mbar*s. The summation memory is deleted if the measured airway pressure exceeds the PEEPsetting again. The summation memory is also deleted after changing the operating mode or setting the PEEP below 3 mbar.

2.

In volume-controlled ventilation (IPPV, SIMV, apnea ventilation) or pressure-controlled ventilation (BIPAP, AutoFlow modes): In two subsequent mandatory inspiratory breaths (machine inspiration) the measured value Pexp(t) does not reach the limit value Pmin for more than the minimum time Tmin in each case. The level and derivation of the Pmin threshold depend on the ventilation mode:

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

volume controlled: Pmin = PEEPsetting +5 mbar pressure-controlled: Pmin = 0.5 * (PEEPsetting +Pinsp) The minimum time is determined by: Tmin = min (¼ * Tinsp, measured, 100 ms) Tinsp, measured, is derived from the phase information of the ventilation control. Suppression: 1.

Detection 1 is activated only at PEEPsetting ≥3 mbar.

2.

After cold start and 15 s afterwards.

3.

During standby and 15 s afterwards.

4.

During a detected disconnection and 15 s afterwards.

Reaction: For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

1.

Generation of event "Airway pressure low" (warning "!!! Airway pressure low"). The warning is delayed in relation to the event by the adjustable time Tdisconnect.

Resetting: 1.

Detection 1: If the summation memory has been deleted.

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For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

2.

Detection 2: During the next inspiratory breath, the measured value Pexp(t) reaches the limit value Pmin for more than Tmin.

3.

Detection 2: After switching to pure spontaneous breathing mode.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Minute volume MV low Cause: 1.

Spontaneous ventilation of the patient is insufficient.

2.

Spontaneous ventilation of the patient is sufficient, but the expiratory flow measured is too low due to leakages in the expiratory tube.

3.

The flow control unit is faulty and therefore delivers too low an inspiratory flow.

4.

The flow sensor is faulty and therefore measured values delivered are too low.

Detection:

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R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

1.

The measured value MV(t) is below the lower MV limit value MV low.

Suppression: 1.

After a cold start and 2 minutes afterwards.

2.

During standby and 2 minutes afterwards.

3.

When flow monitoring is off and 2 minutes afterwards.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

4.

During detected disconnection and 2 minutes afterwards.

5.

The alarm can be activated by the user under mask ventilation (NIV).

Reaction: 1.

Generation of event "MV low" (warning "!!! MV low").

Resetting:

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R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

1.

The measured value MV(t) exceeds the limit value MV low.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

MV high Cause: 1.

Spontaneous ventilation of the patient is too high.

2.

The flow control unit is faulty and therefore delivers too high an inspiratory flow.

3.

The flow sensor is faulty and therefore measured values delivered are too high.

Detection: 1.

The measured value MV(t) exceeds the limit value MV high set by the user.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Suppression: 1.

After a cold start and 15 s afterwards.

2.

During standby and 15 s afterwards.

3.

When flow monitoring is off.

Reaction: 1.

Generation of event "MV high" (warning "!!! MV high").

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Resetting:

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R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

1.

The measured value MV(t) is below the limit value MV high.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Inspiratory tidal volume VTi low Cause: 1.

The setting "FlowAcc" is too low.

2.

The setting "Tinsp" is too low.

3.

The setting "Pinsp" or "Pmax" is too low.

Detection: 1.

The input value "VTi low" displays too low a tidal volume.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Suppression: 1.

After a cold start and 15 s afterwards.

2.

During standby and 15 s afterwards.

3.

During a detected disconnection and 15 s afterwards.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Reaction: 1.

The event "VTi low (1)" (advisory "! Tidal volume low") is generated after the second occurrence of the event "VTi low".

2.

The event "VTi low (2)" (caution "!! Tidal volume low") is generated after the fourth occurrence of the event "VTi low".

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Resetting: 1.

The caution message "!! Tidal volume low" was acknowledged with the "Alarm reset" key. Only the caution message (event "VTi low (2)") is reset, not the advisory message.

2.

The input value "VTi low" does no longer display too low a tidal volume.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

VTi high Cause: 1.

Too high a tidal volume is applied due to a change in the state of the lungs.

2.

Spontaneous ventilation of the patient is too high.

Detection: 1.

During a mandatory inspiration (volume-controlled, pressure-controlled) the measured value VTi(t) exceeds the limit value VTi high set by the user.

2.

During a spontaneous inspiration (pressure-assisted, spontaneous) the measured value VTi(t) exceeds the limit value VTi high set by the user.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Suppression: 1.

After a cold start and 15 s afterwards (only alarm).

2.

During standby and 15 s afterwards (only alarm).

3.

During a detected disconnection and 15 s afterwards (only alarm).

4.

The alarm can be activated by the user under mask ventilation (NIV).

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Reaction: 1.

After the first breath: Generation of the event "VTi high (1)" (advisory "! Tidal volume high").

2.

After the third breath: Generation of the event "VTi high (2)" (warning "!!! Tidal volume high").

3.

Transmission of event to ventilation control to stop inspiration.

There are counters for detection 1 and 2 which lead to reaction 1 or 2.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Resetting: 1.

Detection 1: At the end of a mandatory inspiration, the applied tidal volume is below the set monitoring limit again.

2.

Detection 1: After switching to pure spontaneous breathing mode.

3.

Detection 2: At the end of a spontaneous inspiration, the applied tidal volume is below the set monitoring limit again.

4.

Detection 2: There was no spontaneous inspiration between two mandatory inspirations.

5.

Detection 2: After switching to pure mandatory mode.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Oxygen concentration FiO2 low Cause: 1.

The oxygen control cannot reach the correct FiO2 set.

Detection: 1.

The measured value FiO2(t) is below the limit value FiO2 low. This error detection is provided with an error counter.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Suppression: 1.

After a cold start and 2 minutes afterwards.

2.

During standby and 2 minutes afterwards.

3.

When O2 monitoring is off and 2 minutes afterwards.

4.

During calibration of the O2 sensor and 2 minutes afterwards.

5.

After adjusting the FIO2target value and 2 minutes afterwards.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Reaction: 1.

Generation of event "FiO2 low" (warning "!!! FiO2 low").

Resetting:

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R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

1.

The error counter is below the limit value of the alarm.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

FiO2 high Cause: 1.

The oxygen control cannot reach the correct FiO2 set.

Detection: 1.

The measured value FiO2(t) exceeds the limit value FiO2 high. This error detection is provided with an error counter.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Suppression: 1.

After a cold start and 2 minutes afterwards.

2.

During standby and 2 minutes afterwards.

3.

When O2 monitoring is off and 2 minutes afterwards.

4.

During calibration of the O2 sensor and 2 minutes afterwards.

5.

After adjusting the FIO2target value and 2 minutes afterwards.

Reaction: 1.

Generation of event "FiO2 high" (warning "!!! FiO2 high").

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

Resetting:

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R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

1.

The error counter is below the limit value of the alarm.

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Alarm Messages

Ventilation monitoring

FiO2 limit values As described in chapters FiO2 low and FiO2 high, the measured value FiO2(t) is compared to an upper and a lower limit value. An alarm is generated if there is a deviation. These two limit values are generated as follows: Normal operation (concentrator is not active) − FiO2 low = FiO2 target value -8 vol.% − FiO2 high = FiO2 target value +8 vol.% − Fixed alarm limit = FiO2 low ≥18 vol.% Concentrator is active − The FiO2 alarm limits set by the user are used.

For internal use only. Copyright reserved.

R5664900FL2.fm 03.12.01

Remark: Bronchial suction (oxygenation) changes the set FiO2 concentration to 100%. The limit value is changed at the same time.

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