JOUAN C3-12 & CR3-12 User Manual Rev h March 1999

MISE A JOUR REVISION STATUS

INDICE INDEX

DATE DATE

PAGES MODIFIEES AMENDED PAGES

NOTES NOTES

-

11/88

Edition originale Initial release

a

09/93

Liste de colisage Packing list

b

11/93

Liste de colisage Packing list

c

04/94

5-2

d

07/94

2-2, 6-1, 8-2

e

12/94

Edition révisée Revised edition

f

09/96

Edition révisée Revised edition

g

09/97

2-2, 3-1, 4-1, 5-1, 5-2, 6-2

h

03/99

2-2, 2-3, 6-2

Cycle de fonctionnement Centrifugation cycle Accessoires, fusibles Accessories, fuses

Bouton d'interverrouillage, energie, risques biologiques Lid interlock button, energy, biological risks Revised edition Ouverture manuelle, risques biologiques Manual lid opening, biological risks

C312-U

SOMMAIRE SUMMARY

- MANUEL FRANÇAIS... FRENCH USER'S MANUAL...

PARTIE PARTIE

1 1

- MANUEL ANGLAIS... ENGLISH USER'S MANUAL...

PARTIE PARTIE

2 2

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GUARANTEE TERMS

JOUAN guarantees that this unit is free from defects in materials and workmanship when it leaves the factory, and undertakes to replace or repair the unit if it proves defective in normal use or during servicing for a period of ONE YEAR from the delivery. Our liability under this guarantee is limited to repairing the defective unit or any part of the unit providing it is sent, carriage paid, to an authorised service centre or the SAINT-HERBLAIN office. This guarantee is invalidated if the unit is incorrectly used, poorly serviced or neglected, mis-used or accidentally damaged. There is no explicit guarantee other than as stated above.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, ASSISTANCE OR SERVICING Please contact :

USA :

WINCHESTER, VIRGINIA

Tel. (540) 869 8623 - Fax. (540) 869 8626

ENGLAND :

ILKESTON, DERBYS

Tel. (0115) 944 7989 - Fax. (0115) 944 7080

GERMANY :

UNTERHACHING

Tel. (089) 611 4038 - Fax. (089) 611 3087

OTHER COUNTRIES :

Your local representative

or our CUSTOMER SERVICE CENTRE :

SOCIETE JOUAN Service Assistance Technique 10, rue Duguay Trouin 44800 SAINT HERBLAIN Tél. +33 (0) 2 28 03 20 20 Fax. +33 (0) 2 28 03 20 03

C312-U

PACKING LIST

QUANTITY

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

ITEM NAME

Centrifuge User’s manual Unpacking instructions Imbalance protection instructions Rotor removal tool Mains cord Box wrench 12 and 14 mm wrench Allen key Screwdriver Screwdriver 2/35 Fuse Carbon brushes

C312-U

CONTENTS

CHAPITER 1 - USE AND FUNCTION... 1-1 1.1 - Description... 1-1 1.2 - Relative Centrifugal Force... 1-2

CHAPITER 2 - INSTALLATION PROCEDURE... 2-1 2.1 - Lifting and transport... 2.2 - Unpacking... 2.3 - Environmental conditions... 2.4 - Location... 2.5 - Mains supply... 2.6 - Lid opening... 2.7 - Manual lid opening... 2.8 - Accessory installation... 2.9 - Balancing the load...

2-1 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-2 2-2 2-2 2-3 2-3

CHAPITER 3 - SPECIFICATIONS... 3-1 3.1 - Dimensions and weight... 3-1 3.2 - Electrical specifications... 3-1 3.3 - Performance and accessories... 3-1

CHAPITER 4 - OPERATING PRINCIPLES... 4-1 4.1 - Drive system... 4.2 - Safety interlock system... 4.3 - Imbalance detection system... 4.4 - Refrigeration system...

4-1 4-1 4-1 4-1

CHAPITER 5 - INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE... 5-1 5.1 - Controls and indicators... 5.2 - Preliminary operations... 5.3 - Centrifugation cycle... 5.4 - End of the cycle...

5-1 5-2 5-2 5-2

CHAPITER 6 - HAZARDS, PRECAUTIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF USE... 6-1 6.1 - Speed control... 6.2 - Cautions... 6.3 - IEC 1010-2-020 standard... 6.4 - Operational limitations... 6.5 - Samples... 6.6 - Hazards... 6.7 - Improper use... 6.8 - Biological risks...

6-1 6-1 6-1 6-1 6-2 6-2 6-2 6-2

CHAPITER 7 - SERVICING AND PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE... 7-1 7.1 - Cleaning... 7.2 - Maintenance... 7.3 - Rotor removal... 7.4 - Fuse replacement... 7.5 - Spare part list...

7-1 7-1 7-2 7-2 7-2 C312-U

1 - 1

CHAPTER 1 USE AND FUNCTION

1.1 - DESCRIPTION C3.12 / CR3.12 centrifuges are designed for use in the laboratory for the separation of substances with varying density, by centrifugal force. The CR3.12 is a refrigerated version of the C3.12 ventilated centrifuge. The refrigeration is used to maintain sample at, or below, ambient temperature.

Figure 1.1 - GENERAL VIEW

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1 - 2

1.2 - RELATIVE CENTRIFUGAL FORCE The C3.12 and CR3.12 are automated centrifuges designed for general purpose clinical and research laboratory use that requires the application of relative centrifugal force (R.C.F.). Suspended solids are separated by the Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF) applied to the sample. The effective force increases with the square of the speed of rotation and the distance from the axis of rotation. The following formulae permit the calculation of primary parameters and of transformations relating to changes in primary parameters. In fact, the control system of the instrument carries out and displays the results of all calculations between speed, radius and RCF. Note : The value introduced for the radius can be adjusted to allow for position within the tube such as at a boundary. Maximum radii are quoted in the specifications tables (chapter 3).

CENTRIFUGATION FORMULAE

Legend :

R = radius (in mm)

N = speed (in r.p.m.) ÷ 1000

M+ = add to memory

MR = memory recall

RCF = gravitational acceleration ‘g’

Note : To calculate actual results, press the keys on a pocket calculator in the order shown. Primary calculations

Key sequence

RCF (x g)

= 1.118 R N2

N x = x 1.118 x R =

Speed (r.p.m.)

= 946

RCF ÷ R = √ x 946 =

Radius (mm)

=

RCF R

RCF 1.118 R N2

Transformations

N x = x 1.118 = M+ RCF ÷ MR =

Key sequence

To determine actual ‘g’ achieved at a different speed : RCF2 = RCF1

N2 ( N1 )

2

N2 ÷ N1 = x = x RCF1 =

To determine actual speed required to achieve a different ‘g’ at the same radius : N2 = N1

RCF2 RCF1

RCF2 ÷ RCF1 = √ x N1 =

To determine actual speed required to achieve the same ‘g’ at a different radius : N2 = N1

C312-U

R1 R2

R1 ÷ R2 = √ x N1 =

2 - 1

CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

2.1 - LIFTING AND TRANSPORT Because of the weight of the machine, all lifting and transporting must be carried out using proper handling equipment (eg : fork lift trolley) that complies with current regulations, and by people having undergone the necessary training. The machine must be supported from underneath. If it has to be transported without its pallet, for example on a staircase, professional handling assistance is required.

2.2 - UNPACKING Carefully remove the unit, the accessories and the documents from the packing. A minimum of two people are required to handle the machine. Check all items are present using the delivery note. Before connecting the machine to the mains, remove the foam pad locking the imbalance detector according to the specific instruction sheet included in the unit.

2.3 - ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS This instrument is designed to operate safely under the following conditions : - Indoor use. - Temperature : 5°C to 40°C. - Maximum relative humidity of 80% for temperatures up to 22°C. - Maximum altitude : 2000 m. Maximum performance is assured across the following temperature range : 15°C to 25°C.

2.4 - LOCATION Locate the centrifuge on a bench able to support its weight and vibrations, in a clean, non corrosive environment. Allow 15 cm clearance all around the centrifuge so that correct ventilation is obtained (see also IEC 1010-2-020 recommandations, chapter 6.3).

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2 - 2

2.5 - MAINS SUPPLY C/CR3.12

230 V ±10% - 50 Hz 120 V ±10% - 60 Hz

6 A 10 A

simple phase + ground simple phase + ground

Remember that in order to respect the electrical safety standards related to protection of operators against indirect contact, the supply of power to the instrument must be via a power socket fitted with a protection device ensuring automatic cut-off in the case of an insulation fault. A supply fitted with a cicuit breaker of the correct rating complies with this requirement.

2.6 - LID OPENING Ensure the centrifuge has been switched ON. Press the button on the right hand side of the centrifuge and hold it in while pressing the LID key : the lid is automatically unlocked and opens. Wait until speed display shows "0 rpm" before pressing the LID key.

2.7 - MANUAL LID OPENING In the case of a mains power cut, opening of the lid is prevented by the lid locking safety device. It is recommended to wait for the mains to be switched back on so that this safety device enables the lid to be unlocked. During rotation, the slightest leak from a sample is enough to create an aerosol. Rotation of the rotor can only be detected when the machine is switched on. Opening the lid manually if the rotor is still rotating, would disperse the aerosol in the environment. Rotating parts are also a risk as these could come in contact with the user or be ejected. There is particularly high risk of injury if : - The user tries to manually stop the rotor, - Any object falls inside the centrifugation chamber. MANUAL LID OPENING PROCEDURE Manual lid unlocking must only be done by someone informed of the danger and of the necessary precautions to be undertaken. If the machine has stoppped because of a mains power cut, the rotor could still be rotating. Wait 10 minutes before opening the lid. In spite of the absence of noise, the rotor could still be rotating when you need to open the lid manually. Always set the mains switch to the OFF position, even in the case of a mains power cut. - Insert the unlocking tool into the hole at the top on the left hand side of the instrument by piercing the protection sticker. - Insert the tool and push to unlock the lid. The protection sticker must be replaced after it has been pierced.

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2 - 3

2.8 - ACCESSORY INSTALLATION - Remove the shaft nut (clockwise). - Check the cleanless of the shaft and the rotor. - Place the rotor on the shaft. - Screw the shaft nut and secure it by using the key provided in the tool kit. - In the case of a swing-out rotor, grease the trunnions. - Place the buckets on the trunnions after checking the weight of the buckets is identical (the weight is engraved on the bottom of each bucket).

2.9 - BALANCING THE LOAD When using fixed angle rotor, weight deviation between the tubes must not exceed ±5 grams. When using a swing-out rotor, the samples are placed in plastic inserts. The load must be statically and dynamically balanced : Static balancing consists of balancing the weight of the 2 inserts which are is opposed location in the rotor (± 25 grams). Dynamic balancing consists of placing the tubes in each insert symetrically according to the shaft axis of the rotor. The following pictures give examples of correct and incorrect loading :

CORRECT

CAUTION :

INCORRECT

Never use old accessories on a new centrifuge. Only use plastic ware or glassware designed for centrifugation.

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3 - 1

CHAPTER 3 SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 - DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT

C3.12

CR3.12

* Height (lid open)

mm/in

850/33.5

860/34

* Height (lid closed)

mm/in

400/15.8

410/16.2

* Width

mm/in

480/18.9

765/30.1

* Depth

mm/in

580/22.8

580/22.8

* Weight

kg/lb

72/158

92/202

ref. 11175085 ref. 11175087

ref. 11175088 ref. 11175090

3.2 - ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS * Mains voltage

230 V ±10% - 50Hz 120 V ±10% - 60Hz

* Motor

220 V 120 V

25509570 25509571

25509570 25509571

* Power consumption

220 V 120 V

3A 6A

4A 8A

3.3 - PERFORMANCE AND ACCESSORIES SPEED CONTROL Range : Increments : Braking system : Max. braking :

0 to 10 000 r.p.m 250 r.p.m inertial or electrical 1 min 30 sec from 3600 r.p.m to 0 (T4 swing-out rotor)

SPEED READOUT Display : Increments : Accuracy :

0 to 9 999 r.p.m 10 r.p.m ± 100 r.p.m

ENERGY Max. density : Max. load on drive shaft : Max. energy :

1.2 g/ml 7.7 kg 20380 J

The maximum rotational energy is not systematically that obtained with the maximum permissible load on the drive shaft. C312-U

3 - 2

TIMER Range : Increments : Accuracy :

1 to 30 min + hold position 1 min ±2%

TEMPERATURE CONTROL Range : Increments :

0 to 40°C 1°C

TEMPERATURE READOUT Range : Increments : Accuracy :

0 to 50°C 1°C ± 2°C

The above performance specifications are reliable for an input voltage of : 220 Vac ± 10% - 50 Hz or 120 Vac ± 10% - 60 Hz

ACCESSORIES C3.12 and CR3.12 centrifuges can be equipped with the following accessories : - 1 swing-out rotor (T4 Cat. Nbr. : 11175366) which allows the centrifugation of many types of tubes in plastic inserts fitting standard or sealed buckets. - 6 fixed angle rotors for centrifugation at higher speed.

SWING-OUT ROTOR

FIXED-ANGLE ROTOR

The following tables give the specifications of the accessories and their performance. Another table gives the available JOUAN glassware and the insert in which they can be used.

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3 - 3

T4 SWING-OUT ROTOR : 11175366 Bucket or carrier (set of 4)

Rack or insert (set of 4)

Rack or insert colour

Rack or insert capacity

Max. tube Ø (mm)

Min/max. tube height (mm)

Tube volume (ml)

Max. radius (mm)

C3.12

CR3.12

11175340

Black

42

8.5

35/-

0.5-0.8

174

3500

2380

3600

2520 2520

Max. Max. Max. Max. rpm RCF(g) rpm RCF(g)

11175341

Salmon

20

11

35/-

1.5-2.2

174

3500

2380

3600

Standard

11175342

Beige

30

11

65/107

3/5

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

buckets

11175343

Grey

26

12.7

67/107

5

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

11175367

11175357

White

7

18

35/-

5 flat bottom

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

11175344

Light blue

20

13.5

65/107

6

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

11175345

Yellow

18

13.5

65/108

7 vac.

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

11175346

Red

12

16.5

65/112

10 vac.

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

Transparent

11175347

Cream

12

17.5

65/112

10 flat bottom

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

sealed lid

11175358

White

7

18

90/122

12 flat bottom

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

11175368

11175348

White

7

18

90/122

15 conical

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175349

Orange

7

16.5

90/127

15 vac.

174

3500

2380

3600

2520

11175350

Brown

4

16.5

90/133

15 vac.

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175351

Coral

8

22.2

90/116

20

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

Spare seal

11175352

Light yellow

5

25

90/120

25

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

25439074

11175375

Light yellow

5

25

90/120

25 flat bottom

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175374

Dark red

4

30

90/122

25/50 flat bottom

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175353

Dark red

4

30.5

90/122

50

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175354

Light blue

3

30

90/117

50 conical

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175376

Light blue

3

30

90/117

50 flat bottom

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175361

Dark blue

2

35

90/122

50

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175355

Green

1

45

90/132

100

176

3500

2410

3600

2550

11175356

Turquoise

1

63

65/125

250 flat bottom

172

3500

2350

3700

2490

11175359 (set of 2)

Black

181

1570

500

1570

500

11175360

5 sets of 4 decanting rubber pads (Ø 10.5 - 11 - 11.5 - 11.9 - 12.1 mm) for 11175343 3400

2045

Microtitration 11175377

1 cyto-bucket (11172499 : set of 2 buckets)

3 plates

96 wells

158

3400

2045

ANGLE ROTORS Holes Depth (mm)

Min./max. tube ht (mm)

Max. radius (mm)

Max. r.p.m.

Max. RCF (g)

44.5

101

106/115

134

5900

5215

35

92

97/115

130

6000

5232

132 145

5700

4795 5267

Rotor

Catalogue number

Capacity

Diameter (mm)

CD1

11175181

8 x 100 ml

CD2

11175183

10 x 50 ml

CD3

11175186

40 x 15 ml

18.5

93

96/110 96/110

CD4

11175180

40 x 15 ml

16.5

93

96/131 97/131

131 144

5700

4758 5231

CD5 Sealed

11175187

40 x 15 ml

16.5

110 107

115/130 112/127

136 151

5600

4768 5294

Eppendorf

11174217

30 x 1.5/2 ml

11

open

40

115

6500

5432

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3 - 4

JOUAN GLASSWARE

Capacity

Material

Bottom

Type

Standard tube cat. number

Graduated tube cat. number

Insert cat. number

12 ml 12 ml 16 ml 24 ml

GLASS GLASS GLASS PP

conical round round round

O C O C

41191314 41191212 41191110 41193113

41191315

11175351 11175351 11175351 11175351

20 ml 27 ml 40 ml 47 ml 58 ml

GLASS GLASS GLASS GLASS PP

conical conical round round round

C O C O C

41191238 41191336 41191232 41191130 41193134

66 ml 95 ml 104 ml 130 ml

GLASS GLASS GLASS PP

conical round round round

C C O C

41191466 41191262 41191160 41193164

PP : Polypropylene

C312-U

O : Open

C : Capped

41192111

41192337 41192131

Rotor model

11175361 11175353 11175361 11175361 11175361

CD2 CD2 CD2 CD2

11175355 11175355 11175355 11175355

CD1 CD1 CD1 CD1

4 - 1

CHAPTER 4 OPERATING PRINCIPLES

4.1 - DRIVE SYSTEM The mains input voltage is converted to a variable DC voltage. This DC voltage is varied by comparison of the speed control voltage setting with the tachometer feedback voltage. The greater the DC voltage applied to the motor, the faster the motor will spin a given rotor. The C3.12 and CR3.12 centrifuges feature current limiting dependent on motor load by rotor and accessories. The shape of the rotor is primary load factor : a horizontal rotor presents a greater load than a fixed-angle rotor. The larger the diameter of a rotor, with accessories, the greater the load, and the lower the maximum R.P.M. Relative centrifugal force (RCF), at the circumference of a rotor and bucket combination, is directly proportional to the (R.P.M.) and radius of the rotor. Therefore, a greater R.P.M. and/or a larger radius produces a greater R.C.F. and improved separation of substances.

4.2 - SAFETY INTERLOCK SYSTEM The C3.12 and CR3.12 are equipped with an interlock system that prevents opening of the centrifuge lid when the rotor is spinning. The centrifuge will not operate until the lid is closed and latched in place. The lid remains latched until the rotor stops spinning. The lid access lamp indicates when the rotor has stopped and then the button on the right hand side of the centrifuge and the LID key can be actuated to open the lid. NOTE : If a power failure occurs, access to the samples in the centrifuge is possible. Insert and push the rod provided with the centrifuge accessory kit, into the access hole located on the top left side of the centrifuge. Perform bypass only under emergency conditions.

4.3 - IMBALANCE DETECTION SYSTEM A red light located on the front panel indicates when an excessive imbalance has been detected. The centrifuge is then in braking phase. Open the lid for check the load. To desactivate the imbalance detection light, switch OFF the centrifuge. As long as the light is ON, it is impossible to start the motor.

4.4 - REFRIGERATION SYSTEM The CR3.12 is the refrigerated version of the C3.12. Refrigeration is obtained by evaporating a refrigerant (0% CFC) in a copper coil wrapped around the rotor chamber. The sealed compressor is all ON/all OFF controlled. The cooling group condensor is cooled by air ventilation provided by a fan.

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5 - 1

CHAPTER 5 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

5.1 - CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

1

2

5

3

10

11

9

12

13 6 4 8 7

All controls and indicators are located on the front panel, except the mains switch which is on the left hand side of the rear panel, and the lid interlock button which is situated on the right hand side of the machine.

CONTROL INDICATOR

FUNCTION

"START" key (1)

Starts the centrifugation (if the timer is not set at 0) when the lid is property locked.

"STOP" key (2) "BRAKE" key (3) and light (4)

Starts the braking phase. It is a manual stop key which is necessary to activate when using the timer on the "∞" position. Two braking rates are available : Soft braking when the light is OFF and reinforced braking when the light is ON. The key is used to select the required rate.

"LID" key (5), and light (6)

The light (6) indicates the rotor has stopped. Then the lid can be opened by pressing the LID key (5) while holding the lid interlock button (13) pressed in.

Imbalance detection light (7)

When excessive vibrations occur, imbalance is detected : automatic shutdown is activated and the red imbalance detection light comes ON. Opening and closing the lid will switch off the light.

Temperature control light (8)

On the CR3.12 only, this light indicates the cooling group compressor is energized.

Speed setting knob (9)

Speed control potentiometer : from 0 to 10000 rpm.

Digital display (10)

It indicates the actual speed with an accuracy of ±100 at 6000 RPM.

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5 - 2

Timer (11)

30 mn electromechanical timer. An "infinite" position allows longer runs.

Temperature setting knob (12)

It allows the rotor chamber temperature control within the range 0-40°C. The minimum temperature obtained at 3600 RPM with the T4 rotor for a continuous run is 4°C when the room temperature is 25°C.

Lid interlock button (13)

Push and hold, then press "LID" (5) key to open lid.

5.2 - PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS - Switch on the unit. - Open the lid. - Install the accessories. - Close the lid. - Select the speed. - Select the temperature (on CR3.12 only). - Select the braking rate. - Select the duration.

5.3 - CENTRIFUGATION CYCLE The centrifuge is ready to start. Press the START key. The motor starts and the timer counts down. The rotor reaches the set speed (1 mn from 0 to 3300 RPM with a loaded T4 rotor). If the displayed speed does not corresponds to the desired setting, adjust it by using the speed setting knob. Never choose a speed higher than the maximum permitted speed of each rotor (see table page 3-3). On the CR3.12, the cooling group running is indicated by a light.

5.4 - END OF THE CYCLE When the timer reaches 0 or when the STOP key is activated, the centrifuge starts the braking phase, according to the selected braking rate which can be modified at any time. When the speed becomes lower than 6 r.p.m, the "lid" light is ON and the lid can be opened. Wait until speed display shows "0 rpm" before pressing and holding the lid interlock button and then pressing the lid key. In case of a power cut-out, the centrifuge stops by coasting. It is possible to manually open the lid in order to get back the samples (see § 2.7). CAUTION : As the rotor may be rotating wait for its stop before opening.

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6 - 1

CHAPTER 6 HAZARDS, PRECAUTIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF USE

6.1 - SPEED CONTROL A view port located on the lid allow the measurement of the actual speed by a phototachometer. Every 4 to 6 months, check for correct rpm readout and speed control setting which should be within 100 rpm of the actual.

6.2 - CAUTIONS - Never try to by pass the lid lock safety while the rotor is spinning, - Do not try to open the lid until speed display returns to "0 rpm", - Only use correctly grounded mains source. Special attention is required to the following : - Installation of the unit : proper ventilation, horizontality of the centrifuge, - Accessory handling : rotor buckets, - Rotor installation : check the rotor is locked in position before use, - Cleaning of the accessories, of the rotor chamber, lubrication of the trunnions. - Centrifuge ware : shape, material and quality of the vessels must be in accordance with the performance of the centrifuge, - Samples : cleaning of the accessories is particularly necessary when using corrosive products in the samples (saline, acids, bases), - Load balancing.

6.3 - IEC 1010-2-020 STANDARD The IEC 1010-2-020 standard relative to laboratory centrifuges recommends the user : - To mark out a clearance envelope 30 cm around the centrifuge or establish special procedures for the non entry of all persons or all dangerous materials into this space during the operation of the centrifuge. - To provide an emergency stop switch enabling the mains power to be cut in the case of a malfunction. This switch should be placed at a safe distance from the centrifuge, preferably in a different room from that in which the centrifuge is situated.

6.4 - OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS CAUTION : C3.12 - CR3.12 CENTRIFUGES ARE NOT EXPLOSION PROOF.

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6 - 2

6.5 - SAMPLES In order to get a good separation of the substances, the user must refer to chapter 1 to set the parameter values according to the vessels and to the accessory used. A soft braking may be required to avoid resuspension of the sample.

6.6 - HAZARDS Never service the centrifuge without disconnecting the mains. High voltage is present behind the front panel.

6.7 - IMPROPER USE - Use only rotors and accessories designed for use in the C3.12 and CR3.12. - Do not attempt to override the lid interlock assembly. - Load the rotor only in the recommended way (chapter 2). As the centrifuge starts to spin, an improperly loaded rotor could cause enough force to damage the rotor chamber.

6.8 - BIOLOGICAL RISKS By the action of the turbulence created in the bowl a centrifuge is an aerosol generator. In the case of products presenting a biological risk you must take suitable precautions to prevent or reduce this risk and also train operators in the use of this instrument and its accessories in the context of their applications. The following information should be given to all users including those persons using the equipment infrequently : - A ventilated centrifuge (without built-in refrigeration) permanently exhausts into the room air which has passed through its bowl while a refrigerated (or thermostated) centrifuge contains a relatively sealed bowl. Thus the risks from the spread of aerosols are minimised in a refrigerated centrifuge and significant in a ventilated centrifuge. - Aerosols are produced naturally when using uncapped tubes or bottles. They are also produced when a container deforms or breaks provoking a smaller or greater sample leak. We draw your attention to the use of tubes used in angle rotors. Even if the liquid level does not touch the cap when in a static state, it could do so during centrifugation and leak. You should therefore follow the instructions of the tube supplier concerning the fill level and sealing of the tube.

,,, ,,, ,,, ,,, ,,, ,,, ,,, ,,,

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