babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation Presentation V1.0 April 2017

Introduction

In this presentation we will look at the theory of operation for babyPAC

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Overview of operation: babyPAC Block diagram External Air Entrainment Port

2nd Regulator

spontaneous breathing port

O2 Ti IMV Reservoir

Te

Main Regulator NRV 1

Switch

Pressure Manometer Relief Valve

IMV Oscillator CMV

NRV Mixer Proximal End

valve NRV 2

Outlet

Exhalation Valve

CPAP Bleed restrictor pneumatic switch valve PEEP / CPAP

Inspiratory pressure needle

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Overview of operation: babyPAC Block diagram 10 11

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Note: The function switching valves 5, 23 and 24 are all actuated by the rotation of the function selector switch babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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CMV+PEEP using only oxygen to supply the ventilator 1/8 O2 connected

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Incoming supply passes through the NRV 1 and the priority selection switch 3a to the main regulator 4 and to the secondary regulator 11. It also closes NRV 2 to prevent cross escape through the air input fitting. babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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CMV+PEEP using only oxygen to supply the ventilator 2/8 O2 connected

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When CMV+PEEP is selected switch 5 is opened and gas passes through to the oscillator (6). The IMV volume is filled at this stage but is isolated from the operation by the switch 24 which is closed and the NRV on the supply side. babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Oscillator 1/7

Oscillator operation: The oscillator consists of a circular chamber…

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Oscillator 2/7

Oscillator operation: …with a seat at one end;

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Oscillator 3/7

Oscillator operation: Inside the chamber is shown the piston again circular in section with a knife edge at the seating end and flat ‘land’ sections to prevent the knife edge cutting through the seat eventually.

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Oscillator 4/7 inspiratory phase

Oscillator operation:

40 psi

Behind the piston is a spring, which is equivalent to 4 psi pressure, closing the piston onto the seal. Gas is supplied, smoothed by the internal regulator to 40 psi, to the front of the piston. Pressure builds up against the small annular area at the front of the piston until;

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Oscillator 5/7 inspiratory phase

Ti

Oscillator operation:

40 psi

The pressure overcomes the spring and the piston moves back in the chamber. Gas can now pass through the front of the chamber and on to the next stages in the ventilator. This is the start of the inspiratory phase. Gas is now taken off through the inspiratory needle and fed slowly into the back of the chamber where pressure builds slowly in the larger volume.

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Oscillator 6/7 expiratory phase

Te

Ti

Oscillator operation:

40 psi

When the pressure has built to a level where the gas pressure and the spring over come the incoming 40 psi, the piston snaps forward ending the inspiratory phase and starting the expiratory phase. At this point the retained pressure behind the piston starts to decay through the expiratory needle. In order to prevent decay through the inspiratory needle the retained pressure closes a non return valve in the inspiratory path. babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Oscillator 7/7 Te

Ti

Oscillator operation:

40 psi

The decay during the expiratory phase continues until the 40 psi acting on the front of the piston moves it back again and starting the next inspiratory phase. Again there is a Non Return valve in the expiratory path to prevent gas passing through the expiratory needle during the inspiratory phase.

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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CMV+PEEP using only oxygen to supply the ventilator 3/8 inspiratory phase

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During the inspiratory phase gas now passes through the oscillator and pilot pressures a) close switch 27 and b) alter the state of the switch to allow gas to pass to the inspiratory pressure needle 19

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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CMV+PEEP using only oxygen to supply the ventilator 4/8 inspiratory phase

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Gas passes through the needle 19 and in conjunction with a constant bleed at 21 applies pressure to the back of the Exhalation diaphragm in the Exhalation housing at 17.

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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CMV+PEEP using only oxygen to supply the ventilator 5/8 inspiratory phase

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Pressure passing through the oscillator now pilots a signal to the secondary regulator 11 to supply oxygen through the concentration needle 12 to the mixer assembly 9. The gas from the oscillator going through the mixer assembly venturi now entrains air from atmosphere through the external entrainment port. This mixes with the oxygen from the oscillator and the secondary regulator to provide the final oxygen concentration. babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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CMV+PEEP using only oxygen to supply the ventilator 6/8 expiratory phase

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The mixed gas now leaves the ventilator from the output port through the y-circuit to the patient and back to the Exhalation housing. As pressure builds in the patients lungs it will reach a level where it is equal to the pressure against the back of the diaphragm. At this point any excess pressure will spill to atmosphere through the ports in the exhalation valve. babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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CMV+PEEP using only oxygen to supply the ventilator 7/8 expiratory phase

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During the expiration phase no gas leaves the oscillator to provide pilot signals. The switch returns to its normal state allowing gas to follow the path through the PEEP/CPAP needle 20 which in conjunction with the constant bleed provides a lower pressure against the back of the Exhalation diaphragm. babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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CMV+PEEP using only oxygen to supply the ventilator 8/8 expiratory phase

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The gas within the patient circuit and patients lungs (which was at the inspiratory pressure) will now decay down to the pressure set by the PEEP/CPAP needle. It is essential in this mode that there is no leak in the patient or patient circuit connections, as the set PEEP pressure which should be retained, will decay further below the set level. babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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Inspiration Phase – CMV + Active PEEP / IMV + CPAP Two Gases 1/12 inspiratory phase

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To the next mode/s. The inspiration phase now being described will be the same for CMV+ACTIVE PEEP and IMV+CPAP. We will also be using two gases in this mode.

babyPAC B100 Technical Training Theory of Operation V1.0 April 1st 2017

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