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Technical Publications Venue version R3.0 Reference Manual 5837269-100 Rev. 03 Operating Documentation Copyright 2020 By General Electric Co.
Regulatory requirement This product complies with regulatory requirements of the following European Directive 93/42/EEC concerning medical devices.
First CE marked in 2017. This manual is a reference for the Venue ultrasound system (referred to as Venue hereafter). It applies to Version 303.59.0.423 software for the Venue ultrasound system. All information provided in this manual is relevant for all these products unless otherwise specified.
Manual status: 5837269-100-02 2020-08-10 (YYYY-MM-DD) DOC-ID: DOC2359997
© GE Medical Systems. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of GE Medical Systems.
MANUFACTURER
GE Medical Systems Ultrasound & Primary Care Diagnostics LLC 9900 Innovation Drive, Wauwatosa, WI 53226 USA Authorized EU Representative: GE Medical Systems SCS 283 rue de la Minière 78530 BUC France
Revision History
Reason for change
REV
DATE (YYYY-MM-DD)
REASON FOR CHANGE
Rev. 01
2020-05-07
Initial Release
Rev. 02
2020-08-16
Cosmetic update. No change in content.
Rev. 03
2020-12-27
Update acoustic tables for probes ML6-15-RS and L4-20t-RS
List of affected pages PAGE NUMBER
REV
All pages
Rev. 01
All pages
Rev. 02
All pages
Rev. 03
Please verify that you are using the latest revision of this document. Information pertaining to this document is maintained on ePDM (GE electronic Product Data Management). If you need to know the latest revision, contact your distributor, local GE Sales Representative or in the USA call the GE Ultrasound Clinical Answer Center at 1 800 682 5327 or 1 262 524 5698.
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Measurement and Assisting Tools Measurement overview Cardiac measurements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-2
Measurement formulas Formulas–Generic - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-14 Formulas–Cardiac - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-16 Calculations used in shock assessment auto-tools- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-45 Formulas–Vascular - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-47 Formulas–OB - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-47
Measurement and Assisting Tools Accuracy General - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-53 Sources of error - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-53 Optimizing Measurement Accuracy - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-55 Measurement Uncertainties - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-55
DICOM SR Measurements Supported parameters- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-58 Supported methods- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-67 Content of Vascular SR object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-69
Chapter 2 - OB Tables OB Tables ASUM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-2 Berkowitz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-4 Brenner - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-4 Campbell - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-5 Eriksen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-5 Goldstein - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-6 Hadlock - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-7 Hansmann - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-13 Hellman - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-21 Hill- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-21 Hohler - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-22 Jeanty - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-22 JSUM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-32 Kurtz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-36 Mayden - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-36 Mercer - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-38 Merz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-39 Moore - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-49
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Nelson - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-49 Osaka - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-50 Paris - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-54 Rempen- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-57 Robinson - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-62 Tokyo - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-62 Tokyo Shinozuka - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-66 Williams - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-72 Yarkoni - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-72
Chapter 3 - Acoustic and Probe Surface Temperature Information The real-time display of acoustic output indices Thermal Index - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-2 Mechanical Index - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-4
Track 3 ALARA Educational Program Default Settings and Output Levels Controls Affecting Acoustic Output Track 3 Summary Table - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-10
Probe surface temperature safety mechanisms Acoustic Parameters as Measured in Water Definitions, symbols and abbreviations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-12 Explanation of Footnotes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-70 Multiple focal-zones - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-70 Operating Conditions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-70
Acoustic Output Reporting Tables for Track 3/IEC 60601-2-37 Section A: Acoustic output reporting tables per standard IEC 62359 Edition 1.0 2005-04- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-72 Section B: Acoustic output reporting tables per standard IEC 62359 Edition 2.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-163
Max Temperature Reporting Table Appendices Statements on the safety of ultrasound - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-1 AIUM Statement on Mammalian in Vivo Ultrasonic Biological Effects- - - A-1
Index
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Chapter 1 Measurement and Assisting Tools
This chapter describes: ‘Measurement overview’ on page 1-2 ‘Measurement formulas’ on page 1-14 ‘Measurement and Assisting Tools Accuracy’ on page 1-53 ‘DICOM SR Measurements’ on page 1-57
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Measurement and Assisting Tools
Measurement overview
The following table shows the cardiac measurements available on the Venue ultrasound unit.
Cardiac measurements Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
%FS
LV Fractional Shortening, 2D
%
%FS
LV Fractional Shortening, M-mode
%
%IVS Thck
IVS Fractional Shortening, 2D
%
%IVS Thck
IVS Fractional Shortening, M-mode
%
%LVPW Thck
LV Posterior Wall Fractional Shortening, 2D
%
%LVPW Thck
LV Posterior Wall Fractional Shortening, M-mode
%
Ao Arch Diam
Aortic Arch Diameter
cm
Ao asc
Ascending Aortic Diameter
cm
Ao Desc Diam
Descending Aortic Diameter
cm
Ao Isthmus
Aortic Isthmus
cm
Ao Root Diam
Aortic Root Diameter
cm
Ao Root Diam
Aortic Root Diameter, M-mode
cm
AR ERO
PISA: Regurgitant Orifice Area
cm2
AR Flow
PISA: Regurgitant Flow
ml/s
AR PHT
AV Insuf. Pressure Half Time
ms
AR Rad
PISA: Radius of Aliased Point
cm
AR RF
Regurgitant fraction over the Aortic Valve
%
AR RV
PISA: Regurgitant Volume Flow
ml
AR Vel
PISA: Aliased Velocity
m/s
AR Vmax
Aortic Insuf. Peak Velocity
m/s
AR VTI
Aortic Insuf. Velocity Time Integral
cm
1-2
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Measurement overview Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
ARed max PG
Aortic Insuf. End-Diastole Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
ARed Vmax
Aortic Insuf. End-Diastolic Velocity
m/s
AV Acc Slope
Aortic Valve Flow Acceleration
m/s2
AV Acc Time
Aortic Valve Acceleration Time
ms
AV AccT/ET
AV Acceleration to Ejection Time Ratio
AV EOA I (VTI)
Aortic Valve Effective Orifice Area Index by Continuity Equation VTI
cm2/m2
AV EOA I Vmax
Aortic Valve Effective Orifice Area Index by Continuity Equation Peak V
cm2/m2
AV CO
Cardiac Output by Aortic Flow
l/min
AV Cusp
Aortic Valve Cusp Separation, 2D
cm
AV Cusp
Aortic Valve Cusp Separation, M-mode
cm
AV Dec Time
Aortic Valve Deceleration Time
ms
AV Diam
Aortic Diameter, 2D
cm
AV max PG
Aortic Valve Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
AV mean PG
Aortic Valve Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
AV SV
Stroke Volume by Aortic Flow
ml
AV Vmax
Aortic Valve Peak Velocity
m/s
AV Vmean
AV Mean Velocity
m/s
AV VTI
Aortic Valve Velocity Time Integral
cm
AVA (Vmax)
AV Area by Continuity Equation by Peak V
cm2
AVA (VTI)
AV Area by Continuity Equation VTI
cm2
AVA Planimetry
Aortic Valve Area
cm2
AVET
Aortic Valve Ejection Time
ms
AVET
Aortic Valve Ejection Time, M-mode
ms
CO (A-L A2C)
CO 2CH, Single Plane, Area-Length
l/min
CO (A-L A4C)
CO 4CH, Single Plane, Area-Length
l/min
CO (Biplane
CO, Bi-Plane, MOD
l/min
CO (bullet)
CO, Bi-Plane, Bullet
l/min
CO (MOD A2C)
CO 2CH, Single Plane, MOD (Simpson)
l/min
CO (MOD A4C)
CO 4CH, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson)
l/min
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Measurement and Assisting Tools Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
CO(Cube)
Cardiac Output, 2D, Cubic
l/min
CO(Cube)
Cardiac Output, M-mode, Cubic
l/min
CO(Teich)
Cardiac Output, 2D, Teicholtz
l/min
CO(Teich)
Cardiac Output, M-mode, Teicholtz
l/min
D-E Excursion
MV Anterior Leaflet Excursion
cm
D-E Excursion
Mitral Valve D-E Slope
cm
EDV (bullet)
LV Volume, Diastolic, Bi-Plane, Bullet
ml
EDV(Cube)
Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, 2D, Cubic
ml
EDV(Cube)
Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, M-mode, Cubic
ml
EDV(Teich)
Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, 2D, Teicholtz
ml
EDV(Teich)
Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, M-mode, Teicholtz
ml
EF (A-L A2C)
Ejection Fraction 2CH, Single Plane, Area-Length
%
EF (A-L A4C)
Ejection Fraction 4CH, Single Plane, Area-Length
%
EF (Biplane)
Ejection Fraction, Bi-Plane, MOD
%
EF (bullet)
Ejection Fraction 2CH, Bi-Plane, Bullet
%
EF (MOD A2C)
Ejection Fraction 2CH, Single Plane, MOD (Simpson)
%
EF (MOD A4C)
Ejection Fraction 4CH, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson)
%
E-F Slope
Mitral Valve E-F Slope
m/s
EF(Cube)
Ejection Fraction, 2D, Cubic
%
EF(Cube)
Ejection Fraction, M-mode, Cubic
%
EF(Teich)
Ejection Fraction, 2D, Teicholtz
%
EF(Teich)
Ejection Fraction, M-mode, Teicholtz
%
EPSS
E-Point-to-Septum Separation, M-mode
cm
EPSS 2D
E-Point-to-Septum Separation, 2D
cm
ERO
Effective Regurgitant Orifice
cm2
ESV (bullet)
LV Volume, Systolic, Bi-Plane, Bullet
ml
ESV(Cube)
Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, 2D, Cubic
ml
ESV(Cube)
Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, M-mode, Cubic
ml
ESV(Teich)
Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, 2D, Teicholtz
ml
ESV(Teich)
Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, M-mode, Teicholtz
ml
HR
AV Heart Rate, Dop
BPM
1-4
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Measurement overview Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
HR
Heart Rate, 2D, Teicholtz
bpm
HR
Heart Rate for 2CH study
bpm
HR
Heart Rate for 4CH study
bpm
HR
Heart Rate for 2CH AL study
bpm
HR
Heart Rate for 2CH MOD study
bpm
HR
Heart Rate for 4CH AL study
bpm
HR
Heart Rate for 4CH MOD study
bpm
HR
Heart Rate for Bullet study
bpm
HR
Heart Rate for BiPlane MOD study
bpm
HR
LV Heart Rate, Dop
bpm
HR
Heart Rate, M-mode, Teicholtz
bpm
HR
Heart Rate
bpm
IVC
Inferior Vena Cava
cm
IVC Diam Min
Inferior Vena Cava diameter, minimal 2D
cm
IVC Diam Max
Inferior Vena Cava diameter, maximal 2D
cm
IVC CI
Inferior Vena Cava collapsibility index
n/a
IVCT
Isovolumic Contraction Time
ms
IVRT
Isovolumic Relaxation Time
ms
IVSd
Interventricular Septum Thickness, Diastolic, 2D
cm
IVSd
IVS Thickness, Diastolic, M-mode
cm
IVSs
Interventricular Septum Thickness, Systolic, 2D
cm
IVSs
IVS Thickness, Systolic, M-mode
cm
LA Diam
Left Atrium Diameter, 2D
cm
LA Diam
Left Atrium Diameter, M-mode
cm
LA Diam
Right Atrium Diameter, 2D
cm
LA Major
Left Atrium Major
cm
LA Minor
Left Atrium Minor
cm
LA/Ao
LA Diameter to AoRoot Diameter Ratio, 2D
LA/Ao
LA Diameter to AoRoot Diameter Ratio, M-mode
LAEDV(A-L)
LA End Diastolic Volume, Area-Length
ml
LAEDV Index(A-L)
LA End Diastolic Volume Index, Area-Length
ml/m2
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Measurement and Assisting Tools Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
LVEDV (MOD BP)
LV Volume, Diastolic, Bi-Plane, MOD
ml
LAESV(A-L)
LA End Systolic Volume, Area-Length
ml
LAESV Index(A-L)
LA End Systolic Volume Index, Area-Length
ml/m2
LAEDV (MOD A4C)
LA Volume, Single Plane, MOD
ml
LAESV (MOD A4C)
LA Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, MOD
ml
LVESV (MOD BP)
LV Volume, Systolic, Bi-Plane, MOD
ml
LIMP
Left Index of Myocardial Performance
LVA (s)
Left Ventricular Area, Systolic, 2CH
cm2
LVAd (A2C)
Left Ventricular Area, Diastolic, 2CH
cm2
LVAd (A4C)
Left Ventricular Area, Diastolic, 4CH
cm2
LVAd(sax)
LV area, SAX, Diastolic
cm2
LVAend (d)
LV Endocardial Area, SAX
cm2
LVAepi (d)
LV Epicardial Area, SAX
cm2
LVAs (A4C)
Left Ventricular Area, Systolic, 4CH
cm2
LVAs(sax)
LV area, SAX, Systolic
cm2
LVd Mass
LV Mass, Diastolic, 2D
g
LVd Mass
LV Mass, Diastolic, M-mode
g
LVd Mass Index
LV Mass Index, Diastolic, 2D
g/m2
LVd Mass Index
LV Mass Index, Diastolic, M-mode
g/m2
LVEDV (A-L A2C)
LV Volume, Diastolic, 2CH, Area-Length
ml
LVEDV (A-L A4C)
LV Volume, Diastolic, 4CH, Area-Length
ml
LVEDV (MOD A2C)
LV Volume, Diastolic, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD
ml
LVEDV (MOD A4C)
LV Volume, Diastolic, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD
ml
LVEDV (MOD BP)
LV Volume, Diastolic, Bi-Plane, MOD
ml
LVESV (A-L A2C)
LV Volume, Systolic, 2CH, Area-Length
ml
LVESV (A-L A4C)
LV Volume, Systolic, 4CH, Area-Length
ml
LVESV (MOD A2C)
LV Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD
ml
LVESV (MOD A4C)
LV Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD
ml
LVESV (MOD BP)
LV Volume, Systolic, Bi-Plane, MOD
ml
LVESV (MOD LAX)
LV Volume, Diastolic, Apical View, LAX, MOD
ml
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Measurement overview Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
LVESV (MOD LAX)
LV Volume, Systolic, Apical View, LAX, MOD
ml
LVET
Left Ventricle Ejection Time
ms
LVIDd
LV Internal Dimension, Diastolic, 2D
cm
LVIDd
LV Internal Dimension, Diastolic, M-mode
cm
LVIDs
LV Internal Dimension, Systolic, 2D
cm
LVIDs
LV Internal Dimension, Systolic, M-mode
cm
LVLd (apical)
Left Ventricular Length, Diastolic, 2D
cm
LVLs (apical)
Left Ventricular Length, Systolic, 2D
cm
LVOT Area
Left Ventricle Outflow Tract Area
cm2
LVOT CO
Cardiac Output by Aortic Flow
l/min
LVOT Diam
Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Diameter
cm
LVOT max PG
LVOT Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
LVOT mean PG
LVOT Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
LVOT SI
Stroke Volume Index by Aortic Flow
ml/m2
LVOT SV
Stroke Volume by Aortic Flow
ml
LVOT Vmax
LVOT Peak Velocity
m/s
LVOT Vmean
LVOT Mean Velocity
m/s
LVOT VTI
LVOT Velocity Time Integral
cm
LVPWd
Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Diastolic, 2D
cm
LVPWd
Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Diastolic, M-mode
cm
LVPWs
Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Systolic, 2D
cm
LVPWs
Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Systolic, M-mode
cm
LVs Mass
LV Mass, Systolic, 2D
g
LVs Mass
LV Mass, Systolic, M-mode
g
LVs Mass Index
LV Mass Index, Systolic, 2D
g/m2
LVs Mass Index
LV Mass Index, Systolic, M-mode
g/m2
LAAd (A2C)
Left Atrium Area, Apical 2C
cm2
LAAd (A4C)
Left Atrium Area, Apical 4C
cm2
MAPSE
Mitral annular plane systolic excursion
cm
TAPSE
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion
cm
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Measurement and Assisting Tools Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
MCO
Mitral Valve closure to Opening
ms
MP Area
Mitral Valve Prosthesis
cm2
MR Acc Time
MV Regurg. Flow Acceleration
s
MR ERO
PISA: Regurgitant Orifice Area
cm2
MR Flow
PISA: Regurgitant Flow
ml/s
MR max PG
Mitral Regurg. Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
MR Rad
PISA: Radius of Aliased Point
cm
MR RF
Regurgitant fraction over the Mitral Valve
%
MR RV
PISA: Regurgitant Volume Flow
ml
MR Vel
PISA: Aliased Velocity
m/s
MR Vmax
Mitral Regurg. Peak Velocity
m/s
MR Vmax
PISA: CW Peak Velocity
m/s
MR Vmean
Mitral Regurg. Mean Velocity
m/s
MR VTI
Mitral Regurg. Velocity Time Integral
cm
MR VTI
PISA: CW Velocity Time Integral
cm
MV A Dur
Mitral Valve A-Wave Duration
ms
MV A Velocity
MV Velocity Peak A
m/s
MV Acc Slope
Mitral Valve Flow Acceleration
m/s2
MV Acc Time
Mitral Valve Acceleration Time
ms
MV Acc/Dec Time
MV: Acc.Time/Decel.Time Ratio
MV an diam
Mitral Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D
cm
MV CO
Cardiac Output by Mitral Flow
l/min
MV Dec Slope
Mitral Valve Flow Deceleration
m/s2
MV Dec Time
Mitral Valve Deceleration Time
ms
MV E Velocity
MV Velocity Peak E
m/s
MV E/A Ratio
Mitral Valve E-Peak to A-Peak Ratio
MV max PG
Mitral Valve Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
MV mean PG
Mitral Valve Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
MV PHT
Mitral Valve Pressure Half Time
ms
MV Reg Frac
Mitral Valve Regurgitant Fraction
%
1-8
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Measurement overview Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
MV SI
Stroke Volume Index by Mitral Flow
ml/m2
MV SV
Stroke Volume by Mitral Flow
ml
MV Time to Peak
Mitral Valve Time to Peak
ms
MV Vmax
Mitral Valve Peak Velocity
m/s
MV Vmean
MV Mean Velocity
m/s
MV VTI
Mitral Valve Velocity Time Integral
cm
MVA
Mitral Valve Area
cm2
MVA By PHT
Mitral Valve Area according to PHT
cm2
MVA by plan
Mitral Valve Area, 2D
cm2
MVET
Mitral Valve Ejection Time
ms
P Vein A
Pulmonary Vein Velocity Peak A (reverse)
m/s
P Vein A Dur
Pulmonary Vein A-Wave Duration
ms
P Vein D
Pulmonary Vein End-Diastolic Peak Velocity
m/s
P Vein S
Pulmonary Vein Systolic Peak Velocity
m/s
PAEDP
Pulmonary Artery Diastolic Pressure
mm Hg
PE(d)
Pericard Effusion, M-mode
cm
PEs
Pericard Effusion, 2D
cm
PR max PG
Pulmonic Insuf. Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
PR mean PG
Pulmonic Insuf. Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
PR PHT
Pulmonic Insuf. Pressure Half Time
ms
PR Vmax
Pulmonic Insuf. Peak Velocity
m/s
PR VTI
Pulmonic Insuf. Velocity Time Integral
cm
PRend max PG
Pulmonic Insuf. End-Diastole Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
PRend Vmax
Pulmonic Insuf. End-Diastolic Velocity
m/s
Pulmonic Diam
Pulmonary Artery Diameter, 2D
cm
PV Acc Slope
Pulmonic Valve Flow Acceleration
m/s2
PV Acc Time
Pulmonic Valve Acceleration Time
ms
PV Acc Time/ET Ratio
PV Acceleration to Ejection Time Ratio
PV an diam
Pulmonic Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D
cm
PV Ann Area
Pulmonic Valve Area
cm2
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Measurement and Assisting Tools Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
PV CO
Cardiac Output by Pulmonic Flow
l/min
PV CO
Cardiac Output by Pulmonic Flow
l/min
PV max PG
Pulmonic Valve Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
PV mean PG
Pulmonic Valve Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
PV SV
Stroke Volume by Pulmonic Flow
ml
PV Vmax
Pulmonary Artery Peak Velocity
m/s
PV Vmax
Pulmonic Valve Peak Velocity
m/s
PV Vmean
PV Mean Velocity
m/s
PV VTI
Pulmonic Valve Velocity Time Integral
cm
PVA (VTI)
Pulmonary Artery Velocity Time Integral
cm2
PVein S/D Ratio
Pulmonary Vein SD Ratio
PVET
Pulmonic Valve Ejection Time
ms
PVPEP
Pulmonic Valve Pre-Ejection Period
ms
PVPEP/ET Ratio
PV Pre-Ejection to Ejection Time Ratio
Qp/Qs
Pulmonic-to-Systemic Flow Ratio
RA Major
Right Atrium Major, 2D
cm
RA Minor
Right Atrium Minor, 2D
cm
RAEDV A2C
Right Atrium End Diastolic Volume, Apical 2 chamber
cm3
RAEDV A-L
RA End Diastolic Volume (A-L)
ml
RAEDV MOD
RA Volume Diastolic, Single Plan, MOD
ml
RAEDV MOD
RA End Diastolic Volume (MOD)
ml
RAESV A-L
RA End Systole Volume (A-L)
ml
RAESV MOD
RA Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, MOD
ml
RAESV MOD
RA End Systole Volume (MOD)
ml
RALd
Right Atrium Length, Diastole
cm
RALs
RA Length, systole
cm
RIMP
Right Index of Myocardial Performance
RJA (A4C)
Regurgitant jet area
RJA/LAA
Regurgitant jet area ratio RJA/LAA
RV Major
Right Ventricle Major
1-10
cm2
cm
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Measurement overview Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
RV Minor
Right Ventricle Minor
cm
RVAWd
Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Diastolic, 2D
cm
RVAWs
Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Systolic, 2D
cm
RVET
Right Ventricle Ejection Time
s
RVIDd
Right Ventricle Diameter, Diastolic, 2D
cm
RVIDd
Right Ventricle Diameter, Diastolic, M-mode
cm
RVIDs
Right Ventricle Diameter, Systolic, 2D
cm
RVIDs
Right Ventricle Diameter, Systolic, M-mode
cm
RVOT Area
Right Ventricle Outflow Tract Area
cm2
RVOT Diam
RV Output Tract Diameter, 2D
cm
RVOT Diam
RV Output Tract Diameter, M-Mode
cm
RVOT max PG
RVOT Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
RVOT meanPG
RVOT Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
RVOT SI
LV Stroke Volume Index by Pulmonic Flow
ml/m2
RVOT SV
Stroke Volume by Pulmonic Flow
ml
RVOT Vmax
RVOT Peak Velocity
m/s
RVOT Vmean
RVOT Mean Velocity
m/s
RVOT VTI
RVOT Velocity Time Integral
cm
RVSP
Right Ventricle Systolic Pressure
mm Hg
RVWd
Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Diastolic, M-mode
cm
RVWs
Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Systolic, M-mode
cm
RAA (d)
Right Atrium Area, 2D, Diastole
cm2
RAA (s)
Right Atrium Area, 2D, Systole
cm2
SI (A-L A2C)
LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 2CH, Area-Length
ml/m2
SI (A-L A4C)
LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 4CH, Area-Length
ml/m2
SI (Biplane)
LV Stroke Index, Bi-Plane, MOD
ml/m2
SI (bullet)
LV Stroke Index, Bi-Plane, Bullet
ml/m2
SI (MOD A2C
LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD
ml/m2
SI (MOD A4C
LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD
ml/m2
SI (Teich)
LV Stroke Index, Teicholtz, 2D
ml/m2
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Measurement and Assisting Tools Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
SI (Teich)
LV Stroke Index, Teicholtz, M-mode
ml/m2
SV (A-L A2C)
LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 2CH, Area-Length
ml
SV (A-L A4C)
LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 4CH, Area-Length
ml
SV (Biplane)
LV Stroke Volume, Bi-Plane, MOD
ml
SV (bullet)
LV Stroke Volume, Bi-Plane, Bullet
ml
SV (MOD A2C)
LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD (Simpson)
ml
SV (MOD A4C)
LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson)
ml
SV(Cube)
LV Stroke Volume, 2D, Cubic
ml
SV(Cube)
LV Stroke Volume, M-mode, Cubic
ml
SV(Teich)
LV Stroke Volume, 2D, Teicholtz
ml
SV(Teich)
LV Stroke Volume, M-mode, Teicholtz
ml
Systemic Diam
Systemic Vein Diameter, 2D
cm
Systemic Vmax
Systemic Vein Peak Velocity
m/s
Systemic VTI
Systemic Vein Velocity Time Integral
cm
TCO
Tricuspid Valve Closure to Opening
ms
TR max PG
Tricuspid Regurg. Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
TR mean PG
Tricuspid Regurg. Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
TR Vmax
Tricuspid Regurg. Peak Velocity
m/s
TR Vmean
Tricuspid Regurg. Mean Velocity
m/s
TR VTI
Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity Time Integral
cm
TV A dur
Tricuspid Valve A-Wave Duration
ms
TV A Velocity
Tricuspid Valve A Velocity
m/s
TV Acc Time
Tricuspid Valve Time to Peak
ms
TV Ann Area
Tricuspid Valve Area
cm2
TV ann diam
Tricuspid Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D
cm
TV Area
Tricuspid Valve Area, 2D
cm2
TV CO
Cardiac Output by Tricuspid Flow
l/min
TV Dec Slope
Tricuspid Valve Flow Deceleration
m/s2
TV E Velocity
Tricuspid Valve E Velocity
m/s
TV E/A Ratio
Tricuspid Valve E-Peak to A-Peak Ratio
1-12
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Measurement overview Abbreviation
Definition
Unit
TV max PG
Tricuspid Valve Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
TV mean PG
Tricuspid Valve Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
TV mean PG
Tricuspid Valve Mean Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
TV PHT
Tricuspid Valve Pressure Half Time
ms
TV SV
Stroke Volume by Tricuspid Flow
ml
TV Vmean
TV Mean Velocity
m/s
TV VTI
Tricuspid Valve Velocity Time Integral
cm
VSD max PG
VSD Peak Pressure Gradient
mm Hg
VSD Vmax
VSD Peak Velocity
m/s
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Measurement and Assisting Tools
Measurement formulas
Formulas–Generic Calc Mnemonic BSA
Input Measurements Formula
Calc Name Body Surface Area
Patient weight (kg) and height (cm) BSA (m2)=0.007184 x Weight0.425 x Height0.725
BSA
Body Surface Area
Patient weight (kg) BSA=0.1 x Weight0.667
MaxPG
Maximum Pressure Gradient
two Doppler blood flow peak velocities MaxPG[mmHg]=4x(v1^2-v2^2)
MeanPG
Mean Pressure Gradient
flow velocities from one time marker to another time marker in a Doppler display MeanPG[mmHg]=n4x (Vi^2)/n
% Sten
Stenosis Ratio
i=1
two areas (by ellipse, trace, circle or distance) % Stenosis= [1-(Aresidual/ Alumen)]x100
PI
Pulsatility Index
two Doppler blood flow peak velocities and TAMAX PI=(Vmax-Vdiastole)/TAMAXa
RI
Resistivity Index
two Doppler blood flow peak velocities RI=(Vmax-Vdiastole)/Vmaxa
HR
Heart Rate (beats/minute)
one 2 beat time interval HR[BPM]=120[sec]/2beat time [sec]
A/B Ratio
Velocities Ratio
two Doppler blood flow peak velocities A/B=V1/V2
a
) Vdiastole = Vmin or Vend-diastole (depends on preset selection)
1-14
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